Leahey E
Department of Sociology, CB #3210, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Eval Rev. 2001 Feb;25(1):29-54. doi: 10.1177/0193841X0102500102.
The objective of this study is to evaluate whether welfare-sponsored, government-funded job training helps participants improve their employment status. The negligible effects found in prior studies may be due to design limitations or inherent flaws in job training programs and therefore do not necessarily contradict human capital theory. The present study uses longitudinal and representative data, dynamic modeling techniques, an appropriate counterfactual, and important contextual variables to assess the likelihood of obtaining employment for job training participants and nonparticipants. It also describes the types of jobs women obtain by examining wages, industry, occupation, and labor union membership. Whereas some of the results support prior research, the focus is on the unique contributions of this study, which include a differential training effect for full- and part-time workers and a detailed analysis of macro-structural variables, which are rarely included in studies of labor supply.
本研究的目的是评估由福利资助、政府出资的职业培训是否有助于参与者改善就业状况。先前研究中发现的微不足道的效果可能归因于设计限制或职业培训项目本身的缺陷，因此不一定与人力资本理论相矛盾。本研究使用纵向代表性数据、动态建模技术、合适的反事实以及重要的背景变量，来评估参加职业培训和未参加职业培训的人获得就业的可能性。研究还通过考察工资、行业、职业和工会会员资格，描述了女性所获得工作的类型。尽管一些结果支持先前的研究，但重点是本研究的独特贡献，其中包括对全职和兼职工作者的差异化培训效果，以及对宏观结构变量的详细分析，而宏观结构变量在劳动力供给研究中很少被纳入。
