Hassi J, Remes J, Kotaniemi J T, Kettunen P, Näyhä S
Cold Work Action Program, Oulu Regional Institute of Occupational Health, Kastelli Research Centre, Oulu, Finland.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2000 Oct;59(3-4):210-5.
Cold causes cardiopulmonary stress often perceived as shortness of breath or chest pain, and causes exacerbation of these symptoms in persons suffering heart or lung disease. We investigated the prevalence of these symptoms and their association with sex, age and cold exposure in a population-based sample of 1,785 persons who lived in three areas of Finland. The exposure to cold was measured by the annual number cold days (mean daily temperature below 0 degree C) in the resident locality and weekly hours spent in the cold in winter. Shortness of breath was 25% and chest pain 52% more common in females than in males, and their prevalence increased by 24% and 77%, respectively, for every 10 years of age. The prevalence of shortness of breath increased by 5% and chest pain by 6% for every 10 cold days in the resident locality, and by 6% and 7% for every 10 hours spent in the cold, respectively. We suggest that environmental cold, measured by the number of cold days throughout the year and weekly hours spent in the cold, may provoke cardiopulmonary symptoms independent of sex and age.
寒冷会引发心肺应激反应，常表现为呼吸急促或胸痛，并且会使患有心脏或肺部疾病的人的这些症状加重。我们在芬兰三个地区的1785名居民组成的人群样本中，调查了这些症状的患病率及其与性别、年龄和寒冷暴露的关系。寒冷暴露程度通过居民所在地区的年度寒冷天数（平均每日气温低于0摄氏度）以及冬季每周在寒冷环境中度过的小时数来衡量。女性呼吸急促和胸痛的发生率分别比男性高25%和52%，并且每增长10岁，其患病率分别增加24%和77%。居民所在地区每增加10个寒冷日，呼吸急促的患病率增加5%，胸痛患病率增加6%；每周在寒冷环境中每多呆10个小时，呼吸急促和胸痛的患病率分别增加6%和7%。我们认为，通过全年寒冷天数和每周在寒冷环境中度过的小时数衡量的环境寒冷，可能会引发心肺症状，且与性别和年龄无关。
