Lang A, De Fina G, Meyer R, Aschbacher R, Zelger P, Paluselli P, Rizza F
Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Bolzano Regional Hospital, Italy.
New Microbiol. 2001 Jan;24(1):47-56.
Our objective was to evaluate the relation between antimicrobial use and susceptibility in the intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU inpatient areas in the Bolzano regional hospital. For the isolates of S. aureus, coagulase negative staphylococci, Enterococcus sp., P. aeruginosa and E. coli we found a pattern of significant stepwise decrease in the frequency of antimicrobial susceptibility to penicilloic beta-lactam antibiotics and first generation cephalosporins; the highest senitivity rates occurred among isolates from outpatients, followed in decreasing order by rates among isolates from non-ICU inpatients and from ICU-patients; the rate of use of this group of antimicrobial agents was relatively high in the intensive care unit (13,1%). For P. aeruginosa we observed significantly lower susceptibility-rates to second, third and fourth generation cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams for non-ICU inpatient areas than for outpatient or ICU areas; this paralleled with the low use of this group of agents in the ICU area (4,9%). Also, for P. aeruginosa the prevalence of susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in inpatient areas was lower than in the outpatient or ICU-areas; the rate of quinolone-use was relatively low in the ICU area (4,2%).
我们的目标是评估博尔扎诺地区医院重症监护病房（ICU）和非ICU住院区域抗菌药物使用与药敏性之间的关系。对于金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肠球菌属、铜绿假单胞菌和大肠杆菌的分离株，我们发现对青霉噻唑β-内酰胺类抗生素和第一代头孢菌素的抗菌药敏频率呈显著逐步下降模式；门诊患者分离株的药敏率最高，其次是非ICU住院患者和ICU患者分离株的药敏率，且依次递减；这组抗菌药物在重症监护病房的使用率相对较高（13.1%）。对于铜绿假单胞菌，我们观察到非ICU住院区域对第二代、第三代和第四代头孢菌素、碳青霉烯类和单环β-内酰胺类的药敏率显著低于门诊或ICU区域；这与该组药物在ICU区域的低使用率（4.9%）相平行。此外，对于铜绿假单胞菌，住院区域对环丙沙星和诺氟沙星的药敏率低于门诊或ICU区域；喹诺酮类药物在ICU区域的使用率相对较低（4.2%）。
