Pizzari T
Department of Animal & Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, UK.
Proc Biol Sci. 2001 Jan 22;268(1463):181-6. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2000.1348.
The direct and indirect consequences of female copulatory behaviour for copulation success have seldom been quantified. In feral fowl, most copulations were forced by males and copulation success was determined by two factors. First, female differential resistance and solicitation directly affected copulation success and were displayed non-randomly with respect to male social status. Second, another female copulatory behaviour, the distress call, had an indirect effect on both copulation success and the quality of copulation partners. Distress calls triggered male attention to a copulation, which increased the probability of higher-ranking males than the copulating male disrupting the copulation and inseminating the calling female. Females preferentially uttered distress calls when mounted by low-ranking males. Both copulation resistance and distress calling influenced copulation success, but only distress calling increased the probability of copulation disruption by other males. Consistent with the effect of direct selection, differential distress calling indirectly biased copulation success in favour of dominant males. Female fowl may thus ameliorate the effect of male sexual coercion by manipulating male behaviour.
雌性交配行为对交配成功的直接和间接影响很少被量化。在野生禽类中，大多数交配是由雄性强迫进行的，交配成功取决于两个因素。首先，雌性的不同抵抗和主动求偶直接影响交配成功，并且相对于雄性的社会地位而言，这些行为并非随机表现。其次，另一种雌性交配行为—— distress call（暂译为“遇险呼叫”），对交配成功和交配对象的质量都有间接影响。遇险呼叫会引起雄性对交配的注意，这增加了比正在交配的雄性地位更高的雄性打断交配并使发出呼叫的雌性受精的可能性。当被地位低的雄性骑跨时，雌性会优先发出遇险呼叫。交配抵抗和遇险呼叫都影响交配成功，但只有遇险呼叫增加了被其他雄性打断交配的可能性。与直接选择的效果一致，不同的遇险呼叫间接使交配成功偏向优势雄性。因此，雌性禽类可能通过操纵雄性行为来减轻雄性性胁迫的影响。
