Petronis S, Berntsson K, Gold J, Gatenholm P
Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2000;11(10):1051-72. doi: 10.1163/156856200743571.
In this study room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone surfaces with designed surface microstructure and well-defined surface chemistry were prepared. Their resistance to marine macrofouling by barnacles Balanus improvisus was tested in field experiments for deducing optimal surface topography dimensions together with a better understanding of macrofouling mechanisms. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces were microstructured by casting the PDMS pre-polymer on microfabricated molds. The master molds were made by utilizing photolithography and anisotropic etching of monocrystalline silicon wafers. Several iterative casting steps of PDMS and epoxy were used to produce large quantities of microstructured PDMS samples for field studies. The microstructured PDMS surface consisted of arrays of pyramids or riblets creating a surface arithmetic mean roughness ranging from 5 to 17 microm for different microstructure sizes and geometries, as determined by scanning electron microscopy. Chemophysical properties of the microstructured films were investigated by electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy and dynamic contact angle measurements. Films were chemically homogeneous down to the submicron level. Hydrophobicity and contact angle hysteresis increased with increased surface roughness. Field tests on the west coast of Sweden revealed that the microstructure containing the largest riblets (profile height 69 microm) reduced the settling of barnacles by 67%, whereas the smallest pyramids had no significant influence on settling compared to smooth PDMS surfaces. The effect of dimensions and geometry of the surface microstructures on the B. improvisus larvae settling is discussed.
在本研究中，制备了具有设计表面微观结构和明确表面化学性质的室温硫化（RTV）硅酮表面。通过现场实验测试了它们对藤壶Balanus improvisus海洋大型污损的抗性，以推断最佳表面形貌尺寸，并更好地理解大型污损机制。聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）表面通过将PDMS预聚物浇铸在微加工模具上进行微结构化。母模通过使用单晶硅片的光刻和各向异性蚀刻制成。使用PDMS和环氧树脂的几个迭代浇铸步骤来生产大量用于现场研究的微结构化PDMS样品。由扫描电子显微镜测定，微结构化PDMS表面由金字塔或肋条阵列组成，对于不同的微观结构尺寸和几何形状，其表面算术平均粗糙度范围为5至17微米。通过化学分析电子能谱、飞行时间二次离子质谱和动态接触角测量研究了微结构化薄膜的化学物理性质。薄膜在亚微米级以下化学性质均匀。疏水性和接触角滞后随着表面粗糙度的增加而增加。在瑞典西海岸进行的现场测试表明，包含最大肋条（轮廓高度69微米）的微观结构使藤壶的附着减少了67%，而与光滑的PDMS表面相比，最小的金字塔对藤壶附着没有显著影响。讨论了表面微观结构的尺寸和几何形状对B. improvisus幼虫附着的影响。
