Snidecor J C
Laryngoscope. 1975 Apr;85(4):640-8. doi: 10.1288/00005537-197504000-00005.
Laryngeal cancer, though not high in incidence, may have a devastating effect on the affected individuals' total adjustment. Esophageal speech, while a desirable form of substitute speech, cannot be learned by all, thus requiring a re-evaluation of the artificial larynx and consideration of such special operations as that of Dr. Ryoso Asai. The acoustical characteristics and deficiencies of all pseudo voices are stated and discussed. The female voice is generally identified as such. Methods for the prognosis of learning speech include a systemic questionnaire for pre-evaluation which was based on behavior patterns of the laryngectomee.
喉癌虽然发病率不高，但可能会对患者的整体适应产生毁灭性影响。食管言语虽是一种理想的替代言语形式，但并非所有人都能学会，因此需要重新评估人工喉，并考虑诸如浅井良三医生所做的此类特殊手术。文中阐述并讨论了所有伪嗓音的声学特征及缺陷。女性嗓音通常也如此。言语学习预后的方法包括基于喉切除患者行为模式的系统性预评估问卷。
