在鸽子的延迟样本匹配任务中使用生物学中性结果的差异结果效应。

A differential outcomes effect using biologically neutral outcomes in delayed matching-to-sample with pigeons.

作者信息

Kelly R, Grant D S

机构信息

Legal Services Society of British Columbia, 1500-1140 W. Pender Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6E 4G1.

出版信息

Q J Exp Psychol B. 2001 Feb;54(1):69-79. doi: 10.1080/02724990042000047.

DOI:10.1080/02724990042000047

PMID:11216302

Abstract

The differential outcomes effect (DOE) pertains to enhanced conditional discrimination performance if each correct stimulus-choice sequence is always followed by a different outcome (e.g., food vs. water) compared to when each correct sequence is followed equally often by either outcome. The present experiments sought evidence of a DOE in pigeons, using biologically neutral outcomes. Experiment 1 replicated findings with rats demonstrating that a DOE can occur when one outcome is a biologically neutral light and the other is the absence of that light. Experiment 2 extended these findings by demonstrating a DOE when two biologically neutral outcomes of similar sensory and associative properties were employed.

摘要

差异结果效应（DOE）是指，如果每个正确的刺激-选择序列之后总是伴随着不同的结果（例如，食物与水），相比于每个正确序列之后两种结果出现的频率相同的情况，条件辨别性能会得到增强。本实验使用生物学上中性的结果，旨在寻找鸽子身上存在差异结果效应的证据。实验1重复了在大鼠身上的发现，即当一种结果是生物学上中性的光而另一种结果是该光的缺失时，差异结果效应可能会出现。实验2扩展了这些发现，证明当采用两种具有相似感官和联想属性的生物学上中性的结果时，也会出现差异结果效应。