Friedrich Andrea M, Zentall Thomas R
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506-0044, USA.
Learn Behav. 2011 Mar;39(1):68-78. doi: 10.3758/s13420-011-0021-y.
We examined the extent to which nonhedonically different differential outcomes involving feeder location control pigeons' comparison choices in matching to sample. In Experiment 1, we showed that differential feeder location outcomes associated with each of two samples can facilitate delayed-matching accuracy. In Experiment 2, we found positive transfer following training on two matching tasks with differential feeder location outcomes when samples from one task were replaced by samples from the other task. In Experiment 3, we found that when differential-outcome expectations could no longer serve as the cues for comparison choice, sample stimuli continued to exert some control over choice of comparisons. The results indicate that differential outcomes (involving feeder location) that presumably do not differ in hedonic value are sufficient to control comparison choice. Thus, the differential hedonic value of the outcome elicited by the sample does not appear to be a requirement of the differential-outcome effect. Furthermore, these differential outcomes appear to augment matching accuracy, but they do not eliminate control by the samples.
我们研究了在匹配样本任务中，涉及喂食器位置的非享乐性不同的差异结果在多大程度上控制鸽子的比较选择。在实验1中，我们表明与两个样本中的每一个相关联的不同喂食器位置结果可以提高延迟匹配的准确性。在实验2中，我们发现当来自一个任务的样本被来自另一个任务的样本替换时，在两个具有不同喂食器位置结果的匹配任务上进行训练后会出现正迁移。在实验3中，我们发现当差异结果预期不再作为比较选择的线索时，样本刺激继续对比较选择施加一定的控制。结果表明，可能在享乐价值上没有差异的差异结果（涉及喂食器位置）足以控制比较选择。因此，样本引发的结果的差异享乐价值似乎不是差异结果效应的必要条件。此外，这些差异结果似乎提高了匹配准确性，但它们并没有消除样本的控制作用。
