Iversen M, Kirychuk S, Drost H, Jacobson L
University Hospital of Aarhus, Denmark.
J Agric Saf Health. 2000 Nov;6(4):283-8. doi: 10.13031/2013.1911.
Work in swine and poultry units is associated with exposure to significant levels of organic dust and endotoxins with the highest concentrations found in poultry houses, whereas values found in dairy and in cattle farming are much lower. Corresponding to this is an excess of work-related respiratory symptoms in swine farmers. A dose-response relationship exists between symptoms and number of working hours. Longitudinal studies have demonstrated an accelerated decline of lung function in swine farmers large enough to cause clinically significant disease in some farmers. Because of the large number of people needed in swine farming and the long working hours, swine farming has emerged as the major respiratory problem in farming. Experimental studies indicate that exposure has to be lowered substantially to avoid acute effects and longitudinal studies demonstrate that loss of lung function occurs in non-smoking swine farmers without respiratory symptoms and that accelerated decline in lung function occurs below endotoxin concentrations in dust (100 ng/m3) proposed as a safe threshold.
在猪和家禽养殖场工作会接触到大量有机粉尘和内毒素，其中家禽舍中的浓度最高，而奶牛场和养牛场中的浓度则低得多。与此相应的是，养猪农民中与工作相关的呼吸道症状过多。症状与工作时长之间存在剂量反应关系。纵向研究表明，养猪农民的肺功能加速下降，严重到足以在一些农民身上引发具有临床意义的疾病。由于养猪业需要大量劳动力且工作时间长，养猪业已成为农业中的主要呼吸道问题。实验研究表明，必须大幅降低接触量以避免急性影响，纵向研究表明，无呼吸道症状的非吸烟养猪农民会出现肺功能丧失，且在内毒素浓度低于作为安全阈值提出的粉尘浓度（100 ng/m³）时，肺功能会加速下降。
