Hartung J
Institut für Tierhygiene und Tierschutz, Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover.
Pneumologie. 1992 May;46(5):196-202.
There is concern on recent reports indicating an increase of respiratory affections in humans in areas with high livestock production. A survey is presented on airborne emissions from livestock buildings. About 136 gaseous compounds are analysed in animal house air of which 22 are quantified, only. The most environment-related compounds are ammonia and methane. It is assumed that German animal husbandry emits more than 350,000 t ammonia per year. The content of airborne microorganisms in livestock buildings is between some 100 and several 1000 per liter. The greatest part, more than 80%, are Staphylococcae and Streptococcae. Fungi, moulds and yeasts can form more than 1%, and coli-like bacteria about 0.5% of the total amount. Moulds like Penicillium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Alternaria were identified which are known to have allergic properties. The average concentrations of dust in animal barns vary between 0.5 and 20 mg/m3. The dust contains high amounts of protein and carries endotoxins which both have an allergic potential. Preliminary results show that the germ content of the surrounding air in areas with high animal densities seems to be distinctly higher than in non-livestock regions.
近期有报告指出，在畜牧生产高度集中的地区，人类呼吸道疾病有所增加，这引发了人们的关注。本文介绍了一项关于畜牧场空气排放的调查。在畜舍空气中分析了约136种气态化合物，其中仅对22种进行了定量分析。与环境关系最为密切的化合物是氨和甲烷。据推测，德国畜牧业每年排放的氨超过35万吨。畜舍空气中微生物的含量为每升约100至数千个。其中大部分，超过80%，是葡萄球菌和链球菌。真菌、霉菌和酵母菌占总量的比例可超过1%，类大肠杆菌约占0.5%。已鉴定出具有过敏特性的青霉、曲霉、枝孢菌和链格孢等霉菌。畜舍中灰尘的平均浓度在0.5至20毫克/立方米之间。灰尘中含有大量蛋白质并携带内毒素，两者都具有引发过敏的可能性。初步结果表明，动物密度高的地区周围空气中的细菌含量似乎明显高于非畜牧地区。
