Sikkema K J, Kalichman S C, Hoffmann R, Koob J J, Kelly J A, Heckman T G
Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA.
AIDS Care. 2000 Oct;12(5):613-24. doi: 10.1080/095401200750003798.
AIDS influences the psychological coping not only of the person with the disease but also those close to that individual. Following a death from AIDS, family members and friends may experience atypical bereavement. Bereavement coping challenges can be especially difficult and pronounced for persons who are themselves HIV-positive. The prevalence of AIDS-related bereavement and psychosocial predictors of grief severity were examined in an ethnically diverse sample of 199 HIV-infected men and women. Eighty per cent of HIV-positive respondents had experienced the loss of someone close to AIDS, the majority of whom had sustained multiple and repetitive losses. Two-thirds of the participants who had experienced an AIDS-related loss reported grief symptoms in the past month. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that grief was most closely associated with emotional suppression and avoiding coping strategies, with residual variance related to depression. Interventions for AIDS-related bereavement that reduce distress and maladaptive ways of coping are needed in order to meet the secondary prevention needs of bereaved people living with HIV/AIDS.
艾滋病不仅会影响患病者的心理应对能力，还会影响其身边亲近之人的心理应对能力。艾滋病患者死亡后，其家人和朋友可能会经历非典型的丧亲之痛。对于自身为艾滋病毒阳性的人来说，丧亲应对挑战可能格外艰难且明显。在一个由199名感染艾滋病毒的男女组成的种族多样化样本中，研究了与艾滋病相关的丧亲之痛的患病率以及悲伤严重程度的社会心理预测因素。80%的艾滋病毒阳性受访者曾经历过因艾滋病失去亲近之人的情况，其中大多数人遭受过多次反复的损失。在过去一个月里，三分之二经历过与艾滋病相关损失的参与者报告有悲伤症状。分层回归分析显示，悲伤与情绪抑制和回避应对策略最为密切相关，剩余方差与抑郁有关。为了满足感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的丧亲者的二级预防需求，需要开展相关干预措施，以减少与艾滋病相关的丧亲之痛带来的痛苦以及适应不良的应对方式。
