Burt C W, Overpeck M D
National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD, USA.
Ann Emerg Med. 2001 Mar;37(3):301-8. doi: 10.1067/mem.2001.111707.
We sought to estimate the effect and magnitude of patients with sports-related injuries presenting to hospital emergency departments in the United States and to examine differences in patient and visit characteristics between sports- and nonsports-related injuries.
Data from the 1997 and 1998 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, a national probabilistic sample of 496 US hospital EDs, were combined to examine emergency visits for sports-related injuries. Data from 16,997 sample ED encounter records for injuries that included narrative cause of injury text were analyzed. Narrative text entries were coded to 1 of 84 sport and recreational activity codes. Sample weights were applied to provide annual national estimates. Estimates of sports-related injury visits were based on 1,775 records with an assigned sports-related activity code.
There were an average annual estimated 2.6 million emergency visits for sports-related injuries by persons between the ages of 5 and 24 years. They accounted for over 68% of the total 3.7 million sport injuries presented to the ED by persons of all ages. As a proportion of all kinds of injuries presenting to the ED, sports-related injuries accounted for more than one fifth of the visits by persons 5 to 24 years old. The use rate was 33.9 ED visits per 1,000 persons in this age group (95% confidence interval 30.3 to 37.5). The sports-related injury visit rate for male patients was more than double the rate for female patients (48.2 versus 19.2 per 1,000 persons between 5 and 24 years of age). Visits from sports-related activities for this age group were more frequent for basketball and cycling compared with other categories (eg, baseball, skateboarding, gymnastics). Compared with nonsports-related injuries for this age group, sports-related injuries were more likely to be to the brain or skull and upper and lower extremities. Patients with sports-related injuries were more likely to have a diagnosis of fracture and sprain or strain and less likely to have an open wound. They were also more likely to have diagnostic and therapeutic services provided, especially orthopedic care.
Sports-related activities by school-age children and young adults produce a significant amount of emergency medical use in the United States. The ED is an appropriate venue to target injury prevention counseling.
我们试图估算美国因运动相关损伤前往医院急诊科就诊的患者人数及其比例，并研究运动相关损伤与非运动相关损伤在患者及就诊特征方面的差异。
将1997年和1998年美国国家医院门诊医疗调查的数据合并，该调查是对496家美国医院急诊科的全国概率抽样，用于研究运动相关损伤的急诊就诊情况。对16997份包含损伤叙述性原因文本的样本急诊科就诊记录数据进行分析。将叙述性文本条目编码为84种运动和娱乐活动代码中的一种。应用样本权重以提供年度全国估计数。与运动相关损伤就诊的估计数基于1775份分配了运动相关活动代码的记录。
5至24岁人群每年因运动相关损伤前往急诊科就诊的估计平均人数为260万。在所有年龄段前往急诊科就诊的370万运动损伤患者中，他们占比超过68%。作为前往急诊科就诊的各类损伤的一部分，运动相关损伤在5至24岁人群的就诊中占比超过五分之一。该年龄组的使用率为每1000人中有33.9次急诊科就诊（95%置信区间为30.3至37.5）。男性患者的运动相关损伤就诊率是女性患者的两倍多（5至24岁人群中每1000人分别为48.2次和19.2次）。与其他类别（如棒球、滑板、体操）相比，该年龄组因篮球和自行车运动相关活动的就诊更为频繁。与该年龄组的非运动相关损伤相比，运动相关损伤更有可能发生在脑部或颅骨以及上肢和下肢。运动相关损伤患者更有可能被诊断为骨折、扭伤或拉伤，而有开放性伤口的可能性较小。他们也更有可能接受诊断和治疗服务,尤其是骨科护理。
在美国，学龄儿童和年轻人的运动相关活动导致了大量的急诊医疗需求。急诊科是开展损伤预防咨询工作的合适场所。
