Westfall J A, McCallum J D, Carlin R W
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, VMS 228, Kansas State University, 1600 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-5602, USA.
J Morphol. 2001 Feb;247(2):134-41. doi: 10.1002/1097-4687(200102)247:2<134::AID-JMOR1008>3.0.CO;2-W.
Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of the pharynx of the sea anemone Aiptasia pallida revealed a heavily ciliated epidermis and two types of gland cells not known previously to be innervated. By tracing serial cross sections of the pharynx, we located and characterized two types of neuroglandular synapses (i.e., those having clear vesicles and those with dense-cored vesicles). The diameters of the vesicles at each synapse were averaged; clear vesicles ranged from 70 to 103 nm in diameter and were observed at synapses to both mucous and zymogenic gland cells. Dense-cored vesicles ranged from 53 to 85 nm in diameter and were observed at synapses to two mucous gland cells. One mucous gland cell had three neuroglandular synapses, one with clear vesicles and two with dense-cored vesicles. The occurrence of either clear or dense-cored vesicles at neuroglandular synapses suggests that at least two types of neurotransmitter substances control the secretion of mucus in the sea anemone pharynx. To date, only clear vesicles have been observed at a neurozymogenic gland cell synapse in the pharynx. No evidence of immunoreactivity to phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase was observed at neuroglandular synapses, suggesting that adrenaline is not a transmitter in the pharynx of A. pallida.
对苍白艾氏海葵咽的扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜观察显示，其表皮有大量纤毛，还有两种先前未知受神经支配的腺细胞。通过追踪咽的连续横断面，我们定位并描述了两种类型的神经腺突触（即具有清亮小泡的突触和具有致密核心小泡的突触）。对每个突触处小泡的直径进行了平均；清亮小泡直径范围为70至103纳米，在与黏液腺细胞和酶原腺细胞的突触处均有观察到。致密核心小泡直径范围为53至85纳米，在与两种黏液腺细胞的突触处有观察到。一个黏液腺细胞有三个神经腺突触，一个有清亮小泡，两个有致密核心小泡。神经腺突触处出现清亮或致密核心小泡表明，至少有两种类型的神经递质物质控制着海葵咽中黏液的分泌。迄今为止，在咽的神经酶原腺细胞突触处仅观察到清亮小泡。在神经腺突触处未观察到对苯乙醇胺 - N - 甲基转移酶的免疫反应性证据，这表明肾上腺素不是苍白艾氏海葵咽中的递质。
