Kamien J.B., Bickel W.K., Oliveto A.H., Higgins S.T., Hughes J.R., Richards A.T., Badger G.J.
Departments of Psychiatry University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05401, USA.
Behav Pharmacol. 1995 Mar;6(2):187-194.
Adult human volunteers (n = 50) were trained to discriminate triazolam (TRZ, 0.32mg/70kg, p.o.) from placebo. Based on a criterion that required greater than 80% capsule-appropriate responding during each of four test sessions, 19 subjects were designated non-discriminators (NDs) and 31 were designated discriminators (Ds). NDs and Ds did not differ significantly in age, weight, gender or previous drug use and generally reported similar effects following TRZ. NDs reported greater effects following placebo than Ds on several measures, including 'good', 'bad', 'high' and sedative drug effects, suggesting that NDs in this study were 'placebo reactors'. These results show that NDs and Ds of TRZ differed in self-reported responses and suggest a close relationship between acquisition of a drug discrimination and self-reported effects of drugs. Moreover, greater placebo effects may hinder acquisition of TRZ discrimination.
成年人类志愿者（n = 50）接受训练，以区分三唑仑（TRZ，0.32mg/70kg，口服）与安慰剂。基于在四个测试阶段中每个阶段都需要大于80%的胶囊适应性反应的标准，19名受试者被指定为非辨别者（NDs），31名被指定为辨别者（Ds）。NDs和Ds在年龄、体重、性别或既往药物使用方面无显著差异，并且在服用TRZ后通常报告有相似的效果。在包括“良好”、“不良”、“兴奋”和镇静药物效果等多项指标上，NDs报告的安慰剂效果比Ds更强，这表明本研究中的NDs是“安慰剂反应者”。这些结果表明，TRZ的NDs和Ds在自我报告的反应上存在差异，并表明药物辨别能力的获得与药物的自我报告效果之间存在密切关系。此外，更大的安慰剂效应可能会阻碍TRZ辨别的获得。
