Jennische M, Sedin G
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Section for Pediatrics and Perinatal Research Laboratory, Uppsala University Children's Hospital, Sweden.
Acta Paediatr. 2001 Jan;90(1):22-33. doi: 10.1080/080352501750064833.
Spontaneous speech at 6 1/2 y of age was studied in a follow-up of 230 children born in 1986-89 who had required neonatal intensive care (NIC) and 71 fullterm neonatally healthy control children. Eight aspects of spontaneous speech were examined: Information, speech motor function, sound pattern, word finding, word selection, grammar, interaction and motivation. The results were analysed in relation to gestational age groups (group I, 23-31 wk; subgroup IA, 23-27 wk; IB, 28-31 wk; group II, 32-36 wk; group III, >36 wk) and a separate group of children with congenital malformations (IWCM). Between 66.7% (group IA) and 55.7% (group III) had no obvious deviations in any aspect of spontaneous speech compared with 80.3% of controls. Children born at <32 wk of gestation (group I) had few pronounced deviations in speech motor function or formal aspects of spontaneous speech. No ability, or hardly any ability, in an aspect of spontaneous speech was only found in children born at >32 wk. Deviations in prosody and poor facial expressions accompanying spontaneous speech were more common in group I than in controls.
Most children who needed intensive care neonatally had well-developed spontaneous speech.
对1986 - 1989年出生且需要新生儿重症监护（NIC）的230名儿童以及71名足月出生且新生儿期健康的对照儿童进行了随访，研究了他们6岁半时的自发言语情况。对自发言语的八个方面进行了检查：信息、言语运动功能、语音模式、找词、用词选择、语法、互动和动机。根据胎龄组（第一组，23 - 31周；亚组IA，23 - 27周；IB，28 - 31周；第二组，32 - 36周；第三组，>36周）以及一组单独的先天性畸形儿童（IWCM）对结果进行了分析。与80.3%的对照组相比，66.7%（IA组）至55.7%（第三组）的儿童在自发言语的任何方面均无明显偏差。孕周<32周出生的儿童（第一组）在言语运动功能或自发言语的形式方面几乎没有明显偏差。仅在孕周>32周出生的儿童中发现了自发言语某方面没有能力或几乎没有能力的情况。第一组儿童自发言语时韵律偏差和面部表情不佳的情况比对照组更常见。
大多数新生儿期需要重症监护的儿童自发言语发育良好。
