Aguilar-Salinas C A, Lerman-Garber I, Pérez J, Villa A R, Martinez C L, Turrubiatez L C, Wong B, Gómez Pérez F J, Gutierrez Robledo L M
Departamento de Diabetes y Metabolismo de Lípidos, Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, México.
Metabolism. 2001 Mar;50(3):311-8. doi: 10.1053/meta.2001.20187.
The objective of this comparative cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemias and examine its association with food intake and metabolic variables in urban and rural elder Mexican populations. Three different communities (urban areas of medium and low income and a rural area) were studied. A total of 344 subjects aged 60 years and older and 273 aged 35 to 59 years were included. The evaluated parameters were personal medical data, 24-hour diet recall, and fasting plasma lipids, insulin, and glucose levels. Older subjects, especially men, living in the rural area had lower cholesterol levels (5.02 +/- 0.97 v 5.6 +/- 1.07 mmol/L; P <.05) and insulin levels (12 +/- 10 v 42 +/- 68 mU/mL) and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (1.31 +/- 0.36 v 1.07 +/-0.28 mmol/L) than the elders from the urban medium-income group. Possible explanations for these differences are found in the dietary habits of the groups. Rural elders had higher amounts of fiber (20 +/- 11 v 10 +/- 6 g/d) and carbohydrate (70% +/- 0.08% v 52% +/- 0.11% of calories) and lower fat (18% +/- 0.07% v 33% +/- 0.1% of calories) in their diets. In the urban groups, low-density lipoprotein hypercholesterolemia was present in 17.8% of adult and 39.1% of elderly women (P =.00001). In conclusion, environmental factors still play a prominent role in the pathophysiology of the dyslipidemias in the elderly.
这项比较性横断面研究的目的是确定血脂异常的患病率，并研究其与墨西哥城乡老年人群食物摄入及代谢变量之间的关联。研究了三个不同社区（中等收入和低收入城市地区以及一个农村地区）。共纳入344名60岁及以上的受试者和273名35至59岁的受试者。评估参数包括个人医疗数据、24小时饮食回顾以及空腹血脂、胰岛素和血糖水平。与城市中等收入组的老年人相比，居住在农村地区的老年受试者，尤其是男性，胆固醇水平较低（5.02±0.97对5.6±1.07 mmol/L；P<0.05），胰岛素水平较低（12±10对42±68 mU/mL），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度较高（1.31±0.36对1.07±0.28 mmol/L）。这些差异的可能解释存在于各群体的饮食习惯中。农村老年人饮食中的纤维含量较高（20±11对10±6 g/天），碳水化合物含量较高（占卡路里的70%±0.08%对52%±0.11%），脂肪含量较低（占卡路里的18%±0.07%对33%±0.1%）。在城市组中，17.8%的成年女性和39.1%的老年女性存在低密度脂蛋白高胆固醇血症（P = 0.00001）。总之，环境因素在老年人血脂异常的病理生理学中仍起着重要作用。
