Kukull W A
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7235, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2001 Feb 1;49(3):194-9. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(00)01077-5.
In epidemiologic studies, unrecognized bias can contribute to observed results, causing them to be inaccurate. Analytic study designs, such as the case-control and cohort designs, each carry potential for specific forms of bias. The cohort design is not susceptible to many forms of bias that are experienced by case-control studies. A consistent "protective" effect of smoking on Alzheimer's disease was documented by many case-control studies. However, the potential effect of biases cannot be separated from the results. Cohort studies now show that smoking may either be unrelated to Alzheimer's disease onset or possibly generate a modest increased risk. In this review the results and comparisons of various studies and potential biases are discussed.
在流行病学研究中，未被识别的偏倚可能会影响观察结果，导致结果不准确。分析性研究设计，如病例对照研究和队列研究设计，每种都存在特定形式偏倚的可能性。队列研究设计不易受到病例对照研究中出现的多种偏倚形式的影响。许多病例对照研究记录了吸烟对阿尔茨海默病的一致“保护”作用。然而，偏倚的潜在影响无法与结果分开。队列研究现在表明，吸烟可能与阿尔茨海默病的发病无关，或者可能产生适度增加的风险。在这篇综述中，讨论了各种研究的结果、比较以及潜在的偏倚。
