Lee P N
P. N. Lee Statistics and Computing Limited, Sutton, UK.
Neuroepidemiology. 1994;13(4):131-44. doi: 10.1159/000110372.
Overall evidence from 19 case-control studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and smoking shows a highly significant (p < 0.001) negative association [ever/never smokers, relative risk (RR) 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54-0.76]. Some studies have apparent design faults but the association is clearly evident in those which do not (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.46-0.78). A report of a positive relationship from a prospective study can be dismissed due to unreliability of AD diagnosis on death certificates, and other study weaknesses. Although more data are needed on dose response and to rule out possible confounding, the negative association is consistent with other data suggesting nicotine protects against AD.
对19项关于阿尔茨海默病（AD）与吸烟的病例对照研究的综合证据显示，存在高度显著（p < 0.001）的负相关[曾经吸烟者/从不吸烟者，相对风险（RR）0.64，95%置信区间（CI）0.54 - 0.76]。一些研究存在明显的设计缺陷，但在没有这些缺陷的研究中该关联也很明显（RR 0.60，95% CI 0.46 - 0.78）。一项前瞻性研究报告的正相关关系可因死亡证明上AD诊断的不可靠性以及其他研究缺陷而被排除。尽管需要更多关于剂量反应的数据并排除可能的混杂因素，但这种负相关与其他表明尼古丁可预防AD的数据是一致的。
