Rezvani A H, Levin E D
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2001 Feb 1;49(3):258-67. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(00)01094-5.
Nicotine and other nicotinic agonists have been found to improve performance on attention and memory tasks. Clinical studies using nicotine skin patches have demonstrated the efficacy of nicotine in treating cognitive impairments associated with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Experimental animal studies have demonstrated the persistence of nicotine-induced working memory improvement with chronic exposure, in addition to the efficacy of a variety of nicotinic agonists. Mechanistic studies have found that alpha7 and alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptors in the hippocampus are critical for nicotinic involvement in cognitive function. Clinical and experimental animal studies provide mutually supporting information for the development of novel nicotinic therapies for cognitive dysfunction.
已发现尼古丁及其他烟碱类激动剂可改善注意力和记忆任务的表现。使用尼古丁皮肤贴片的临床研究已证明尼古丁在治疗与阿尔茨海默病、精神分裂症和注意力缺陷多动障碍相关的认知障碍方面的疗效。实验动物研究表明，除了多种烟碱类激动剂的功效外，长期接触尼古丁可使工作记忆改善持续存在。机制研究发现，海马体中的α7和α4β2烟碱受体对烟碱参与认知功能至关重要。临床和实验动物研究为开发治疗认知功能障碍的新型烟碱疗法提供了相互支持的信息。
