Regev A, Schiff E R
Center for Liver Diseases, Jackson Medical Towers, Suite 1101, 1500NW 12th Avenue, Miami, Florida, 33136 USA.
Clin Liver Dis. 2000 Feb;4(1):47-71, vi. doi: 10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70096-9.
Mankind probably has known viral hepatitis for many centuries; however, the major and most dramatic developments in our knowledge of these diseases have taken place during the second half of the 20th century. During this relatively short period of time, the infectious nature of hepatitis A, B, and C has been proven, leading to their identification and description. The advent of serologic markers has provided the means for establishing the diagnosis. Epidemiologic studies have provided important information that led to exciting achievements in detection and prevention of transmission. Molecular biology studies and cell culture techniques have established our knowledge of the viral genomes, and led to the development of specific vaccines for hepatitis A and B. Anti-viral therapy has been developed and aggressive combination therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for chronic hepatitis B and C. This article reviews some of the main fields of progress and achievement related to viral hepatitis A, B, and C in the 20th century.
人类可能已经认识病毒性肝炎达数百年之久；然而，我们对这些疾病认识的主要且最显著的进展发生在20世纪后半叶。在这相对较短的时间段内，甲型、乙型和丙型肝炎的传染性已得到证实，从而实现了对它们的识别和描述。血清学标志物的出现为确立诊断提供了手段。流行病学研究提供了重要信息，促成了在检测和预防传播方面令人振奋的成果。分子生物学研究和细胞培养技术使我们对病毒基因组有了认识，并促成了甲型和乙型肝炎特异性疫苗的研发。抗病毒疗法已经得到发展，积极的联合疗法已成为治疗慢性乙型和丙型肝炎的一种有前景的策略。本文回顾了20世纪与甲型、乙型和丙型病毒性肝炎相关的一些主要进展和成就领域。
