Fleming Jean
J Infus Nurs. 2002 Nov-Dec;25(6):379-82. doi: 10.1097/00129804-200211000-00006.
Common viral agents known to cause inflammation of the liver (hepatitis) are hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Some other viral agents that can cause hepatitis are Epstein Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, and cytomegalovirus. Some patients infected with these viral agents progress to develop chronic viral hepatitis. Approximately 45% of chronic hepatitis cases are associated with hepatitis C and approximately 15% are associated with hepatitis B. In addition to being a leading cause of chronic hepatitis, HCV is most frequently associated with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although much has been published about HAV and HBV, health professionals have learned about HCV only in recent years. For this reason, this article will emphasize the epidemiologic challenges and current treatments for hepatitis C; hepatitis A and B will be discussed in brief.
已知可引起肝脏炎症（肝炎）的常见病毒病原体有甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）。其他一些可引起肝炎的病毒病原体是爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒、单纯疱疹病毒和巨细胞病毒。一些感染这些病毒病原体的患者会发展为慢性病毒性肝炎。大约45%的慢性肝炎病例与丙型肝炎有关，约15%与乙型肝炎有关。除了是慢性肝炎的主要病因外，HCV最常与肝硬化和肝细胞癌相关。尽管已经发表了许多关于HAV和HBV的文章，但卫生专业人员直到近年来才了解到HCV。因此，本文将重点介绍丙型肝炎的流行病学挑战和当前治疗方法；甲型和乙型肝炎将简要讨论。
