Abreu B C, Seale G, Scheibel R S, Huddleston N, Zhang L, Ottenbacher K J
Transitional Learning Center, Galveston, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, USA.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 Jan;82(1):49-56. doi: 10.1053/apmr.2001.9167.
To examine self-awareness regarding performance on 4 daily living tasks and to test theoretical predictions for a model of self-awareness in persons with acquired brain injury.
A comparative design examining the level of self-awareness recorded by patients and actual patient performance as judged by rehabilitation clinicians.
A community-based residential center providing comprehensive rehabilitation services to persons with acquired brain injury.
Fifty-five persons with acquired brain injury and the identified potential to return to independent function in the community. Ten subjects without brain injury provided comparison data.
Information was collected by using patient self-report, clinician rating of patient performance, patient rating of non-brain-injured subjects, and clinician rating of non-brain-injured subjects.
Three self-awareness criteria were examined: intellectual, emergent, and anticipatory. Self-awareness was rated for 3 tasks: dressing, meal planning, and money management.
Statistically significant differences (p <.05) were found for all levels of self-awareness across the 3 tasks. Persons with brain injury judged their abilities higher than clinician ratings of actual performance. No statistical support was found for a hierarchy among intellectual, emergent, and anticipatory self-awareness.
No evidence was found supporting a hierarchy among levels of self-awareness as defined and measured in the present study. New methods for operationally defining intellectual, emergent, and anticipatory self-awareness are necessary to examine the relationship between self-awareness and performance.
考察对4项日常生活任务表现的自我认知，并检验获得性脑损伤患者自我认知模型的理论预测。
一种比较设计，考察患者记录的自我认知水平以及康复临床医生判断的患者实际表现。
一个为获得性脑损伤患者提供综合康复服务的社区居住中心。
55名获得性脑损伤患者，且确定有潜力在社区恢复独立功能。10名无脑损伤受试者提供对照数据。
通过患者自我报告、临床医生对患者表现的评分、患者对非脑损伤受试者的评分以及临床医生对非脑损伤受试者的评分来收集信息。
考察三项自我认知标准：智力性、突发性和预期性。对三项任务进行自我认知评分：穿衣、膳食计划和财务管理。
在这三项任务的所有自我认知水平上均发现有统计学显著差异（p<.05）。脑损伤患者对自己能力的判断高于临床医生对实际表现的评分。未发现智力性、突发性和预期性自我认知之间存在层级关系的统计学支持。
未发现证据支持本研究中所定义和测量的自我认知水平之间存在层级关系。需要新的方法来操作性地定义智力性、突发性和预期性自我认知，以检验自我认知与表现之间的关系。
