Emerson K, Poindexter E L, Kothari M
Obstet Gynecol. 1975 May;45(5):505-11.
Serial changes in body composition during pregnancy have been measured in 5 normal and 2 diabetic women on controlled diets to compare with simultaneous measurements of oxygen consumption (V-O2). Total body water (TBW) was measured by D2O dilution, total body fat (TBF) calculated as 100-%TBW/0.732 and body cell mass (BCM) derived from total body 40K count by Moore's formula, BCM equals K-e times 8.33. Two normal subjects in caloric equilibrium lost 1.2 kg TBF, gained 5.5 kg TBW and 4.1 kg BCM. Two obese subjects in negative caloric balance lost 4.7 kg TBF, gained 7.3 kg TBW and 4.3 kg BCM. One subject on ad lib diet gained 7.7 kg TBF, 0.6 kg TBW, and 2.6 kg BCM. She continued to gain fat postpartum. Two diabetic subjects gained fat up to 28 weeks, lost it thereafter, and showed no net gain in BCM. Basal V-O2 correlated with BCM, while 24-hour resting V-O2 related to total body weight. It is concluded that fat storage in human pregnancy depends on food intake, as in the nonpregnant. BCM accumulation is independent of food intake, except protein, and depends on normal physiologic adjustments of pregnancy, which are upset by insulin lack in diabetes. The extra basal energy needs of gestation are determined by BCM acquisition, not total body weight.
对5名正常孕妇和2名糖尿病孕妇在控制饮食的情况下孕期身体成分的系列变化进行了测量，以与同时测量的耗氧量（V-O2）作比较。通过重水（D2O）稀释法测量总体水（TBW），通过100 - %TBW/0.732计算总体脂肪（TBF），并根据摩尔公式由全身40K计数得出身体细胞质量（BCM），即BCM等于K-e乘以8.33。两名处于热量平衡的正常受试者，TBF减少1.2千克，TBW增加5.5千克，BCM增加4.1千克。两名处于负热量平衡的肥胖受试者，TBF减少4.7千克，TBW增加7.3千克，BCM增加4.3千克。一名自由进食的受试者，TBF增加7.7千克，TBW增加0.6千克，BCM增加2.6千克。产后她继续增加脂肪。两名糖尿病受试者在28周前增加脂肪，之后脂肪减少，且BCM无净增加。基础V-O2与BCM相关，而24小时静息V-O2与总体重相关。得出结论：与非孕期一样，人类孕期的脂肪储存取决于食物摄入量。BCM的积累除蛋白质外与食物摄入量无关，且取决于孕期正常的生理调节，而糖尿病患者因胰岛素缺乏会扰乱这种调节。孕期额外的基础能量需求由BCM的增加决定，而非总体重。
