Bachert C
ENT Department, University Hospital Ghent, Belgium.
Allergy. 2001;56 Suppl 65:14-20. doi: 10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00102.x.
Recent advances in experimental immunologic approaches to seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) have led to a shift in the concepts of its pathogenesis. The conventional view of SAR as a local response to inhaled allergens has largely given way to a new view of this disorder as a systemic condition with local tissue manifestations. This concept, together with an increasing recognition of specific mediators' distinct roles in driving the early- and late-phase allergic responses, has opened multiple lines of therapeutic attack within the allergic cascade. Potent inhibition of inflammatory mediator release at distinct points in this cascade is conferred by desloratadine. In addition to the familiar range of SAR symptoms amenable to antihistamine therapy, desloratadine uniquely attenuates patient ratings of nasal congestion. This novel, nonsedating histamine H1-receptor antagonist is the only once-daily antiallergic product with a consistent decongestant effect that begins within hours of the first morning dose and is sustained for the entire treatment period.
季节性变应性鼻炎（SAR）实验性免疫方法的最新进展已导致其发病机制概念的转变。传统上将SAR视为对吸入性变应原的局部反应，这一观点已在很大程度上让位于一种新观点，即认为这种疾病是一种具有局部组织表现的全身性疾病。这一概念，连同对特定介质在驱动早期和晚期过敏反应中不同作用的日益认识，在过敏反应级联反应中开辟了多条治疗途径。地氯雷他定可在该级联反应的不同点有效抑制炎症介质释放。除了适用于抗组胺治疗的一系列常见SAR症状外，地氯雷他定还能独特地减轻患者的鼻充血评分。这种新型、无镇静作用的组胺H1受体拮抗剂是唯一一种每日一次的抗过敏产品，具有持续的减充血作用，在首次晨起给药数小时内即可起效，并在整个治疗期间持续存在。
