Baena-Cagnani C E
Division of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Infantile Hospital, Córdoba, Argentina.
Allergy. 2001;56 Suppl 65:21-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2001.00001.x-i1.
Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and asthma, which are frequently comorbid, share some common allergic pathogenic bases. Clinical manifestations of these disorders might therefore be viewed as local manifestations of a systemic inflammatory state. Not only do the onsets of allergic-rhinitis (AR) and asthma symptoms often coincide (within 1 year), but also nasal challenges with SAR allergens can induce airways hyperreactivity (AHR). Eosinophils, which are key effector cells in both SAR and asthma, cause AHR, tissue damage, and neuronal effects through secretion of toxic granule proteins, enzymes, and other mediators. The novel, nonsedating, histamine H1-receptor antagonist, desloratadine, which exerts various favorable effects on the allergic cascade, significantly decreased SAR symptoms (e.g., nasal congestion) and diminished daily beta2-agonist use and improved asthma symptoms, while maintaining pulmonary function, in patients with SAR-asthma who were treated with once-daily desloratadine regimens.
季节性变应性鼻炎（SAR）和哮喘常合并存在，具有一些共同的变应性致病基础。因此，这些疾病的临床表现可视为全身性炎症状态的局部表现。变应性鼻炎（AR）和哮喘症状不仅常同时出现（在1年内），而且用SAR变应原进行鼻腔激发可诱发气道高反应性（AHR）。嗜酸性粒细胞是SAR和哮喘中的关键效应细胞，通过分泌毒性颗粒蛋白、酶和其他介质引起AHR、组织损伤和神经效应。新型非镇静性组胺H1受体拮抗剂地氯雷他定对变应性级联反应有多种有利作用，在接受每日一次地氯雷他定治疗方案的SAR-哮喘患者中，显著减轻了SAR症状（如鼻充血），减少了每日β2激动剂的使用，并改善了哮喘症状，同时维持了肺功能。
