1984年至1999年在美国获得授权的澳大利亚医学专利。

Mattes E, Stacey M C

University of Western Australia, Perth.

Med J Aust. 2001 Jan 15;174(2):83-7. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143160.x.

OBJECTIVE

To describe all medical patents granted in the United States to Australian-resident inventors between 1984 and 1999.

DATA SOURCES

All patent data originated from the US Patent and Trademark Office. Data for 1984-1994 were compiled by CHI Research Inc, and data for 1995-1999 were obtained from the Community of Science website.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Number of medical patents granted in the US to Australian-resident inventors; assignees (owners) of these medical patents; proportion of these medical patents related to biotechnology.

RESULTS

From 1984 to 1999, 7835 utility patents were granted in the US to Australian-resident inventors. Of these, 1308 patents (17%) were identified as medical patents; 489 (37%) of these were biotechnology patents. Medical patents account for an increasing proportion of all US patents granted to Australian inventors, increasing from 10% in 1984 to 25% in 1999. Biotechnology accounted for an increasing proportion of medical patents, rising from 10% to 55% between 1984 and 1999. More than half the medical patents are owned by commercial interests, and 33% by only 14 organisations, six of which are universities and their affiliated institutions.

CONCLUSION

Only a few organisations account for most of the patenting of medical technology. The inventors and their organisations listed on medical patents could be canvassed when developing government policy and targeted for support in commercialising their medical technology.

目的

描述1984年至1999年间美国授予澳大利亚居民发明家的所有医学专利。

数据来源

所有专利数据均来自美国专利商标局。1984 - 1994年的数据由CHI研究公司汇编，1995 - 1999年的数据从科学共同体网站获取。

主要观察指标

美国授予澳大利亚居民发明家的医学专利数量；这些医学专利的受让人（所有者）；这些医学专利中与生物技术相关的比例。

结果

1984年至1999年，美国授予澳大利亚居民发明家7835项实用专利。其中，1308项专利（17%）被认定为医学专利；其中489项（37%）为生物技术专利。医学专利在美国授予澳大利亚发明家的所有专利中所占比例不断增加，从1984年的10%增至1999年的25%。生物技术在医学专利中所占比例不断增加，1984年至1999年间从10%升至55%。超过一半的医学专利归商业利益所有，33%由仅14个组织拥有，其中6个是大学及其附属机构。