Surai P F, Speake B K, Bortolotti G R, Negro J J
Avian Science Research Centre, Scottish Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr KA6 5HW, United Kingdom.
Physiol Biochem Zool. 2001 Mar-Apr;74(2):153-60. doi: 10.1086/319660.
The salient feature of the fatty acid profile of kestrel eggs collected in the wild was the very high proportion of arachidonic acid (15.2%+/-0.7% of fatty acid mass, n=5) in the phospholipid fraction of the yolk. Kestrels in captivity fed on day-old chickens produced eggs that differed from those of the wild birds in a number of compositional features: the proportion of linoleic acid was increased in all the lipid fractions; the proportion of arachidonic acid was increased in yolk phospholipid and cholesteryl ester; the proportion of alpha-linolenic acid was decreased in all lipid classes, and that of docosahexaenoic acid was decreased in phospholipid and cholesteryl ester. Partridge eggs from the wild contained linoleic acid as the main polyunsaturate of all the yolk lipid fractions. Captive partridges maintained on a formulated diet very rich in linoleic acid produced eggs with increased levels of linoleic, arachidonic, and n-6 docosapentaenoic acids in the phospholipid fraction; reduced proportions of alpha-linolenic acid were observed in all lipid classes, and the proportion of docosahexaenoic acid was markedly reduced in the phospholipid fraction. Thus, captive breeding of both the kestrel and the partridge increases the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturate ratio of the yolk lipids.
野外采集的红隼蛋脂肪酸谱的显著特征是，蛋黄磷脂部分中花生四烯酸的比例非常高（占脂肪酸总量的15.2%±0.7%，n = 5）。以一日龄雏鸡为食的圈养红隼所产的蛋在许多成分特征上与野生鸟类的蛋不同：所有脂质部分中亚油酸的比例都增加了；蛋黄磷脂和胆固醇酯中花生四烯酸的比例增加了；所有脂质类别中α-亚麻酸的比例都降低了，磷脂和胆固醇酯中二十二碳六烯酸的比例降低了。野生鹧鸪蛋中，亚油酸是所有蛋黄脂质部分的主要多不饱和脂肪酸。以富含亚油酸的配方饲料饲养的圈养鹧鸪所产的蛋，其磷脂部分中亚油酸、花生四烯酸和n-6二十二碳五烯酸的含量增加；所有脂质类别中α-亚麻酸的比例都降低了，磷脂部分中二十二碳六烯酸的比例显著降低。因此，红隼和鹧鸪的圈养繁殖都会增加蛋黄脂质的n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比例。
