McCrae A W, Visser S A
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1975 Mar;69(1):109-20.
A brief review is made of the extensive, scattered and sometimes conflicting literature concerning outbreaks and effects of the vesicating Staphylinid beetles of the genus Paederus and their toxin. Observations are reported on outbreaks of Paederus sabaeus and Pachypaederus puncticollis which occurred in Uganda in 1961-62 and subsequently. Clinical effects seen in Kampala are described and a case of ocular involvement is reported in detail. It was found that the cuticle of P. sabaeus must be broken and haemolymph released for any reaction to follow, that the mucosa of the mouth is relatively little affected by the toxin, and that Pachypaederus puncticollis possesses similar vesicating properties to the Paederus species. Methods of extraction of toxin from the beetles using various solvents and a bioassay technique based on mean daily scores of reaction on mouse ears are described. Problems of treatment are discussed.
本文对有关发疱隐翅虫属甲虫及其毒素的爆发和影响的大量、分散且有时相互矛盾的文献进行了简要综述。报告了1961 - 1962年及之后在乌干达发生的非洲隐翅虫和点胸隐翅虫爆发的观察情况。描述了在坎帕拉所见的临床症状，并详细报告了一例眼部受累病例。研究发现，非洲隐翅虫的表皮必须破损并释放出血淋巴才会引发任何反应，口腔黏膜受毒素影响相对较小，且点胸隐翅虫具有与隐翅虫属物种相似的发疱特性。描述了使用各种溶剂从甲虫中提取毒素的方法以及基于小鼠耳部反应平均每日评分的生物测定技术。讨论了治疗问题。
