Smith S G
ICRF Cancer Medicine Research Unit, St James's University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK.
Curr Opin Mol Ther. 1999 Feb;1(1):10-5.
The identification of the epitope as the smallest immunogenic subunit derived from antigenic proteins has promoted the development of epitope-based vaccines. These prevent the danger of administering whole proteins or genes that have unknown and possibly dangerous properties. Recent data suggest that DNA encoded epitopes in synthetic constructs can be processed and presented to CD8+ T-lymphocytes despite unnatural flanking amino acid sequences. This has allowed the development of polyepitope vaccines for cancer and infectious disease which induce multiple cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses. The resultant immunity may be restricted to various HLA alleles and targeted to numerous antigens to avoid escape from immune detection by antigen loss variants. This review will describe the background of epitope and polyepitope-based vaccination strategies and the more recent results that confirm the potential of DNA encoded polyepitope vaccines. Future directions that may aid the design of more effective polyepitopes will also be discussed.
将表位鉴定为源自抗原蛋白的最小免疫原性亚基，推动了基于表位的疫苗的发展。这些疫苗可避免使用具有未知且可能危险特性的完整蛋白质或基因所带来的风险。近期数据表明，尽管合成构建体中的DNA编码表位具有非天然的侧翼氨基酸序列，但仍可被加工并呈递给CD8 + T淋巴细胞。这使得针对癌症和传染病的多表位疫苗得以开发，这些疫苗可诱导多种细胞毒性T淋巴细胞反应。由此产生的免疫力可能限于各种HLA等位基因，并针对多种抗原，以避免因抗原丢失变体而逃避免疫检测。本综述将描述基于表位和多表位的疫苗接种策略的背景，以及证实DNA编码多表位疫苗潜力的最新研究结果。还将讨论有助于设计更有效多表位的未来方向。
