Fernández-Reiriz M J, Labarta U, Albentosa M, Pérez-Camacho A
Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Vigo, Spain.
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 1998 Jan;119(1):369-77. doi: 10.1016/s1095-6433(97)00429-7.
The influence of both the lipid composition of microalgal diets and commercial flours on the lipid classes and fatty acids of Ruditapes decussatus spat was studied. These aspects of the nutritional value of the diets were discussed in relation to the growth of the spat. Four diets were tested; Diet A, composed of 100% of the daily food ration of microalgae; Diet B, composed of 100% of wheatgerm; Diet C, composed of 50% of microalgae and 50% of wheatgerm; and Diet D, composed of 25% of microalgae and 75% of wheatgerm. The microalgal cells present a higher lipid content than that for wheatgerm. Tahitian Isochrysis cells have phospholipids and triacylglycerols as majority lipids, whereas in the wheatgerm particles, the lipids more abundant are triacylglycerols. Fatty acid content was higher in the microalgal cells than in the wheatgerm particles. The n-3 fatty acids were the most abundant acids in the microalgae, whereas the n-6 fatty acids were in the wheatgerm. The n-3 PUFA were not detected in wheatgerm. Phospholipids were the main lipids present in the clam spat, followed by triacylglycerols. Other lipid classes, detected in significantly lower amounts, included free fatty acids, sterols, and sterol ester + waxes. The composition of fatty acids in the spat was influenced by the fatty acid composition of the diet. Highest spat growth rates were observed with those diets that present a higher phospholipid/triacylglycerol relation. A negative correlation in the relation n-6/n-3 vs. growth has also been observed, with better growth rates in diets with a lower ratio. If the fatty acid 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 considered "essential" for marine animals were not present in the diet, they were not present in the spat either. Desaturation and elongation capabilities of R. decussatus spat were also discussed.
研究了微藻饲料和商业面粉的脂质组成对波纹巴非蛤稚贝脂质类别和脂肪酸的影响。结合稚贝的生长情况，讨论了饲料营养价值的这些方面。测试了四种饲料；饲料A，由100%的微藻日食量组成；饲料B，由100%的小麦胚芽组成；饲料C，由50%的微藻和50%的小麦胚芽组成；饲料D，由25%的微藻和75%的小麦胚芽组成。微藻细胞的脂质含量高于小麦胚芽。大溪地等鞭金藻细胞以磷脂和三酰甘油作为主要脂质，而在小麦胚芽颗粒中，含量更丰富的脂质是三酰甘油。微藻细胞中的脂肪酸含量高于小麦胚芽颗粒。n-3脂肪酸是微藻中最丰富的酸，而n-6脂肪酸存在于小麦胚芽中。在小麦胚芽中未检测到n-3多不饱和脂肪酸。磷脂是蛤稚贝中存在的主要脂质，其次是三酰甘油。检测到的其他脂质类别含量显著较低，包括游离脂肪酸、甾醇和甾醇酯+蜡。稚贝中脂肪酸的组成受饲料脂肪酸组成的影响。在那些具有较高磷脂/三酰甘油比例的饲料中观察到最高的稚贝生长速率。还观察到n-6/n-3与生长之间的负相关，比例较低的饲料生长速率更好。如果被认为对海洋动物“必需”的脂肪酸20:5n-3和22:6n-3不存在于饲料中，它们也不存在于稚贝中。还讨论了波纹巴非蛤稚贝的去饱和和延伸能力。
