Bonessio L, Bartucca B, Bertelli S, Morini F, Spina V
I Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica Cattedra di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, Roma.
Minerva Ginecol. 2000 Nov;52(11):485-9.
This article deals with the legal aspect concerning female genital mutilations (FGM). Such a practice (a partial excision of the external genitalia) is highly widespread in Central Africa, especially in Ethiopia and Somalia, and currently involves approximately 130,000,000 women worldwide and, in Italy, about 30,000 women amongst the immigrant population. Since 1982 the World Health Organization (WHO), which condemns such a practice as injurious to women's rights and health, proposed that laws and professional codes prohibit it in all countries. Legislation, although insufficient as a sole measure, is considered indispensable for the elimination of FMG. Since a long time some western countries (Sweden, Great Britain, Belgium and Norway), involved by immigration from countries with FGM tradition, legislated with regard to FGM. In Italy, a specific law does not exist; however, FGM are not allowed by the article 5 of the Civil Code. Nevertheless, recently, several cases of mutilations took place: this led some members of the Parliament to introduce a bill in order to specifically forbid FGM. The authors believe that legislation could effectively support the job of prevention and education, which physicians may carry out in order to save little girls from the risk of familial tradition of genital mutilations.
本文探讨了与女性生殖器切割（FGM）相关的法律问题。这种行为（部分切除外生殖器）在中非地区极为普遍，尤其是在埃塞俄比亚和索马里，目前全球约有1.3亿女性受其影响，在意大利，移民人口中有约3万名女性涉及此行为。自1982年以来，谴责这种行为损害妇女权利和健康的世界卫生组织（WHO）提议，所有国家的法律和专业准则都应禁止该行为。立法虽然作为唯一措施并不充分，但被认为是消除女性生殖器切割不可或缺的手段。长期以来，一些受具有女性生殖器切割传统国家移民影响的西方国家（瑞典、英国、比利时和挪威）已就女性生殖器切割立法。在意大利，不存在专门的法律；然而，《民法典》第5条禁止女性生殖器切割。尽管如此，最近仍发生了几起切割案例：这促使一些议员提出一项法案，以专门禁止女性生殖器切割。作者认为，立法可以有效地支持预防和教育工作，医生可以开展这些工作，以保护小女孩免受家庭生殖器切割传统的危害。
