Nazer J, Margozzini J, Rodríguez M, Rojas M, Cifuentes L
Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 999-Santiago, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2001 Jan;129(1):67-74.
The ECLAMC (Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congénitas) is an epidemiological surveillance program for congenital defects that operates in Chile since 1969.
To communicate the frequency of disabling congenital defects in Chile in the period 1982-1997.
A review of the ECLAMC registry, choosing 12 congenital defects: amelia, limb amputations, limb reductions, arthrogryposis, hip luxation and subluxation, spina bifida, hydrocephaly, microcephaly, cephalocele, talipes equinovarus, Down syndrome and multiple abnormalities.
In the study period, 283,403 births occurred and 7,917 newborns were malformed (7,654 born alive and 263 stillbirths). The congenital defects prevalence rates appeared higher in Chile than in other Latin American countries, specially among stillbirths. Among the studied maternity hospitals, the Clinical Hospital of the University of Chile, showed the higher prevalence of congenital defects. Rancagua and the Navy Hospital in Valparaiso have a high frequency of Down syndrome. Global rates in Chile and in the rest of ECLAMC for specific defects, do not have significant differences, except for hip subluxation, that has a lower incidence in Chile.
The ECLAMC allows to have a good knowledge of the prevalence of congenital malformations in Latin America.
拉丁美洲先天性畸形协作研究（ECLAMC）是一项自1969年起在智利开展的先天性缺陷流行病学监测项目。
通报1982 - 1997年期间智利致残性先天性缺陷的发生率。
回顾ECLAMC登记处的数据，选取12种先天性缺陷：无肢畸形、肢体截肢、肢体短小、关节挛缩、髋关节脱位和半脱位、脊柱裂、脑积水、小头畸形、脑膨出、马蹄内翻足、唐氏综合征和多发畸形。
在研究期间，共出生283,403例婴儿，其中7,917例新生儿存在畸形（7,654例活产儿和263例死产儿）。智利先天性缺陷的患病率似乎高于其他拉丁美洲国家，尤其是在死产儿中。在所研究的妇产医院中，智利大学临床医院的先天性缺陷患病率最高。兰卡瓜和瓦尔帕莱索海军医院的唐氏综合征发病率较高。智利和ECLAMC其他地区特定缺陷的总体发生率除髋关节半脱位外无显著差异，智利的髋关节半脱位发病率较低。
ECLAMC有助于深入了解拉丁美洲先天性畸形的患病率。
