Preciado López J A, Calzada Uriondo M G, Zabaleta López M, García Cano F J
Servicio ORL, Hospital San Millán-San Pedro, C/ Autonomía de la Rioja, no. 3, 26004 Logroño, La Rioja.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2000 Oct;51(7):618-28.
The aim of this study is to decide which of Spanish's 5 vowels is the most suitable for the analysis of the voice by means of the program Dr. Speech 3.0. We assessed 98 patients: 51 normal subjects and 47 hoarse patients (34 polyps, 7 nodules, 2 hyperfunctional dysphonia, 4 other pathologies) before and after following a surgical and/or speech therapy. The methodology of the study included: protocolized questionnaire, ENT examination, perceptual evaluation of the hoarse voices and physical analysis of the 5 sustained vowels. Jitter, shimmer, NNE and HNR in the voice varied depending on the analyzed vowel and from normal subjects to hoarse patients. NNE and HNR for vowels [o] and [u] was higher than for [a], such differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Shimmer for vowels [o] and [u] was lower than shimmer for [a] in hoarse patients (p < 0.05). Jitter for [a] was higher than jitter for the other vowels in normal patients. All algorithms improveded with surgical and/or speech therapy. Especially levels of noise for vowels [a] [e] and [o] presented statiscally significant improvements (p < 0.001), shimmer for [a] and [e] (p < 0.001) and jitter for [e] (p < 0.01). The hoarse patients presented values more pathological than the normal subjects, especially jitter for vowels [a] [e] and [o] (p < 0.001), shimmer for [a] [e] [i] and [u] (p < 0.001) and level of noise for [a] [e] [o] and [u] (p < 0.001).
The analysis of vowel [e] presented higher r than [a] when correlated with perceptual evaluation of voice or with voice quality that gave us Dr. Speech 3.0. Also, the [e] is the best vowel to express the improvements of jitter, shimmer and level of noise of hoarse patients after following surgical and/or speech therapy.
本研究的目的是通过“语音博士3.0”程序确定西班牙语的5个元音中哪个最适合用于嗓音分析。我们评估了98名患者：51名正常受试者和47名嗓音嘶哑患者（34例息肉、7例小结节、2例机能亢进性发音障碍、4例其他病症），在接受手术和/或言语治疗前后进行评估。研究方法包括：标准化问卷、耳鼻喉科检查、嗓音嘶哑的感知评估以及对5个持续元音的物理分析。嗓音中的抖动、闪烁、噪声能量比（NNE）和谐噪比（HNR）因所分析的元音不同以及正常受试者与嗓音嘶哑患者的差异而有所变化。元音[o]和[u]的NNE和HNR高于[a]，这种差异具有统计学意义（p < 0.001）。在嗓音嘶哑患者中，元音[o]和[u]的闪烁低于[a]（p < 0.05）。正常患者中，[a]的抖动高于其他元音。所有算法在手术和/或言语治疗后均有所改善。特别是元音[a]、[e]和[o]的噪声水平有统计学意义的改善（p < 0.001），[a]和[e]的闪烁（p < 0.001）以及[e]的抖动（p < 0.01）。嗓音嘶哑患者呈现出比正常受试者更具病理性的值，尤其是元音[a]、[e]和[o]的抖动（p < 0.001），[a]、[e]、[i]和[u]的闪烁（p < 0.001）以及[a]、[e]、[o]和[u]的噪声水平（p < 0.001）。
当与嗓音的感知评估或“语音博士3.0”给出的嗓音质量相关联时，元音[e]的分析呈现出比[a]更高的相关性。此外，[e]是表达嗓音嘶哑患者在接受手术和/或言语治疗后抖动、闪烁和噪声水平改善情况的最佳元音。
