Vaamonde Lago P, Lechuga García M R, Mínguez Beltrán I, Frade González C, Soto Varela A, Bartual Magro J, Labella Caballero T
Cátedra y Servicio de ORL, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela.
Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2000 Nov-Dec;51(8):697-702.
We prospectively studied 279 patients with epistaxis referred to ENT specialist from emergency room in our hospital in one year. Masculine sex (62%), medium or old ages (median 56 year), and associated diseases (HBP 22.9%, anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs 11.1%), were the most common. Predominant local etiologic factors were trauma (12.9%) and inflammation (14%). Epistaxis had been essential in 36.9%. The most frequent location in all ages was the anterior one, especially located in the Kiesselbach's area, although the incidence of the posterior epistaxis increases in characteristic way from fourth decade, affecting more to men. Most of epistaxis (> 99%) were treated successfully by conservative approach and only two patients required surgical or interventional therapy. Patients between 30-59 year and the posterior epistaxis was the most refractory to the treatment. Hospitalized patients were older than ambulatory ones and had more associated diseases. Their average hospital stay was 9.2 days.
我们前瞻性地研究了我院一年内从急诊室转诊至耳鼻喉科专家处的279例鼻出血患者。男性（62%）、中年或老年（中位年龄56岁）以及合并疾病（高血压22.9%、抗凝剂或抗血小板药物11.1%）最为常见。主要的局部病因是创伤（12.9%）和炎症（14%）。鼻出血在36.9%的病例中起关键作用。在所有年龄段中，最常见的出血部位是前部，尤其是位于克氏区，尽管鼻出血的发生率从第四个十年开始以特定方式增加，男性受影响更多。大多数鼻出血（>99%）通过保守方法成功治疗，只有两名患者需要手术或介入治疗。30至59岁的患者以及后部鼻出血对治疗最具难治性。住院患者比门诊患者年龄更大，合并疾病更多。他们的平均住院时间为9.2天。
