Wechsler H, Lee J E, Rigotti N A
Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Health and Social Behavior, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2001 Apr;20(3):202-7. doi: 10.1016/s0749-3797(00)00313-5.
Cigarette-smoking rates have increased in recent years among college students. Smoke-free residences offer a possible means of reducing or preventing smoking. However, their use has as yet not been evaluated. This paper examines whether students residing in smoke-free residences are less likely to smoke cigarettes than students in other campus residences, and if such lower rates apply to all types of students and colleges.
The Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study surveyed a nationally representative sample of college students at 128 U.S. 4-year colleges regarding tobacco use and related behaviors in the spring of 1999. The responses of students living in smoke-free and unrestricted residences at 101 campuses were compared.
Current smoking prevalence was significantly lower among residents of smoke-free housing (21.0%) as compared with residents of unrestricted housing (30.6%, p<0.0001). The lower rate of current cigarette use was consistent with all types of student and college characteristics with few exceptions. Current cigarette use was significantly lower for those living in smoke-free housing than for residents of unrestricted housing among students who were not regular smokers before age 19 (10% vs 16.9%, p<0.0001), but not among students who smoked regularly before age 19.
Smoke-free residences may help protect those students who were not regular smokers in high school from smoking in college. However, the difference in smoking rates may be due to self-selection of students into smoke-free residences. Since smoke-free options also protect students from second-hand smoke and dormitory fires, colleges should provide these types of residences for all students who request them, and should also encourage others to choose them.
近年来，大学生的吸烟率有所上升。无烟宿舍提供了一种减少或预防吸烟的可能方式。然而，其使用情况尚未得到评估。本文探讨居住在无烟宿舍的学生是否比其他校园宿舍的学生吸烟可能性更小，以及这种较低的吸烟率是否适用于所有类型的学生和学院。
1999年春季，哈佛公共卫生学院的大学生酒精研究对美国128所四年制大学的具有全国代表性的大学生样本进行了关于烟草使用及相关行为的调查。比较了101个校园中居住在无烟宿舍和非限制吸烟宿舍的学生的回答。
与非限制吸烟宿舍的居民相比，无烟宿舍居民的当前吸烟率显著更低（21.0%对30.6%，p< .0001）。当前吸烟率较低与所有类型的学生和学院特征一致，仅有少数例外。对于19岁之前不经常吸烟的学生，居住在无烟宿舍的学生当前吸烟率显著低于非限制吸烟宿舍的居民（10%对16.9%，p< .0001），但对于19岁之前经常吸烟的学生则不然。
无烟宿舍可能有助于保护那些在高中不经常吸烟的学生在大学期间不吸烟。然而，吸烟率的差异可能是由于学生自行选择进入无烟宿舍。由于无烟宿舍还能保护学生免受二手烟和宿舍火灾的危害，学院应为所有有需求的学生提供这类宿舍，并且还应鼓励其他学生选择它们。
