Wechsler H, Rigotti N A, Gledhill-Hoyt J, Lee H
Department of Health and Social Behavior, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
JAMA. 1998 Nov 18;280(19):1673-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.280.19.1673.
Adolescent smoking prevalence is tracked annually and has increased since 1991. In contrast, little is known about trends in smoking among college students, a group that has previously been more resistant to tobacco use than other young adults.
To examine changes in cigarette smoking among college students between 1993 and 1997 and among different types of students and colleges.
Self-administered survey (Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study).
One hundred sixteen nationally representative 4-year colleges.
A total of 15103 randomly selected students in 1993 (70% response rate) and 14251 students in 1997 (60% response rate).
Self-reports of cigarette smoking in the past 30 days and in the past year, age at smoking first cigarette, and number of attempts to quit.
Over 4 years, the prevalence of current (30-day) cigarette smoking rose by 27.8%, from 22.3% to 28.5% (P<.001). The increase was observed in 99 of 116 colleges and was statistically significant (P<.05) in 27 (23%) of them. Current smoking increased across all student subgroups (defined by sex, race/ethnicity, and year in school) and in all types of colleges. Smoking is rising faster in public schools (from 22.0% to 29.3%) than in private schools (from 22.9% to 26.8%). Eleven percent of college smokers had their first cigarette and 28% began to smoke regularly at or after age 19 years, by which time most were already in college. Half of current smokers tried to quit in the previous year; 18% had made 5 or more attempts to quit.
Cigarette use is increasing on campuses nationwide in all subgroups and types of colleges. Substantial numbers of college students are both starting to smoke regularly and trying to stop. National efforts to reduce smoking should be extended to college students.
青少年吸烟率每年都在跟踪统计，自1991年以来呈上升趋势。相比之下，对于大学生群体的吸烟趋势却知之甚少，该群体以往比其他年轻人更能抵制烟草使用。
研究1993年至1997年间大学生吸烟情况的变化，以及不同类型学生和院校的吸烟情况变化。
自填式调查（哈佛公共卫生学院大学生酒精研究）。
116所具有全国代表性的四年制大学。
1993年共随机抽取15103名学生（应答率70%），1997年抽取14251名学生（应答率60%）。
过去30天和过去一年的吸烟情况自我报告、首次吸烟年龄以及戒烟尝试次数。
在4年时间里，当前（过去30天）吸烟率上升了27.8%，从22.3%升至28.5%（P<0.001）。在116所大学中的99所观察到了这种增长，其中27所（23%）具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。所有学生亚组（按性别、种族/民族和在校年级定义）以及各类院校的当前吸烟率均有所上升。公立学校吸烟率上升幅度（从22.0%升至29.3%）高于私立学校（从22.9%升至26.8%）。11%的大学生首次吸烟，28%在19岁及以后开始经常吸烟，而那时大多数人已经上大学了。当前吸烟者中有一半在前一年尝试过戒烟；18%尝试戒烟5次或更多次。
在全国范围内，各类院校的所有亚组学生中吸烟现象都在增加。大量大学生既开始经常吸烟又尝试戒烟。全国性的控烟努力应扩大到大学生群体。
