Wallace B E, Wagner A K, Wagner E P, McDeavitt J T
Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, USA.
J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2001 Apr;16(2):165-90. doi: 10.1097/00001199-200104000-00006.
The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a physiologic measure of cerebral function that has been used by some to assess coma and prognosticate survival and global outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Surface recordings of the brain's electrical activity reveal distinct patterns that indicate injury severity, depth of unconsciousness, and patient survival. The data produced with traditional qualitative studies, however, does not allow resolution and quantification of the wave frequency spectrum present in the brain. As a result, conventional EEG typically has only been used for gross and qualitative analyses and is not practical for use in long-term patient monitoring or as a sophisticated prognostic tool. One area of investigation that is working to address the limitations of conventional EEG has been the development and implementation of Fourier Transform (FT) EEG which resolves and quantifies frequency bands present in the brain. When FT analysis is applied to EEG, it provides concurrent and continuous monitoring, resolution, and quantification of all frequencies emitted. This review discusses the history and significance of conventional EEG and provides a review of how FT-EEG, commonly referred to as Quantitative EEG (QEEG), is being used in the clinical setting. The specific applications and significance of QEEG methods regarding treatment of patients with TBI are discussed in detail. The advantages, disadvantages, and future directions of QEEG in TBI are also discussed.
脑电图（EEG）是一种脑功能的生理测量方法，一些人已用其来评估昏迷情况，并对创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后的生存及整体预后进行预测。大脑电活动的表面记录揭示了不同模式，这些模式表明损伤严重程度、意识丧失深度和患者生存情况。然而，传统定性研究产生的数据无法分辨和量化大脑中存在的脑电波频谱。因此，传统脑电图通常仅用于粗略的定性分析，不适用于长期患者监测或作为精密的预后工具。致力于解决传统脑电图局限性的一个研究领域是傅里叶变换（FT）脑电图的开发与应用，它能分辨和量化大脑中存在的频段。当将傅里叶变换分析应用于脑电图时，它能对所有发出的频率进行同步和连续监测、分辨及量化。本综述讨论了传统脑电图的历史和意义，并回顾了傅里叶变换脑电图（通常称为定量脑电图，QEEG）在临床环境中的应用方式。详细讨论了定量脑电图方法在创伤性脑损伤患者治疗方面的具体应用和意义。还讨论了定量脑电图在创伤性脑损伤中的优缺点及未来发展方向。
