Sniezek Janet A., Van Swol Lyn M.
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 2001 Mar;84(2):288-307. doi: 10.1006/obhd.2000.2926.
The relationship between trust, confidence, and expertise in Judge-Advisor Systems is examined in two experiments with Judge-Advisor pairs, one with strangers and another with participants in ongoing relationships. There was expertise asymmetry so that Judges had less expertise than their Advisors. The dyads could receive money for accurate Judge decisions. Either the Judge or Advisor had the power to allocate this money between dyad members, before task interaction in study one and after task completion in study two. Because Judges were more dependent on Advisors than vice versa, it was predicted that trust would be more important to Judges. Results were supportive. Judges had higher and more variable ratings of trust in their partner than did Advisors, suggesting that Judges were more motivated to evaluate trust. High confidence by Advisors had a positive impact on Judges' ratings of trust and tendency to follow their advice. Judges' trust in their Advisors was significantly related their taking the advice and being confident in their final decisions. Although participants in study two had higher levels of trust in their partners, they allocated less money to them. The implications for establishing trust are discussed. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.
在两项针对法官 - 顾问对的实验中，研究了法官 - 顾问系统中信任、信心和专业知识之间的关系，一项实验的对象是陌生人，另一项实验的对象是处于持续关系中的参与者。存在专业知识不对称的情况，即法官的专业知识比他们的顾问少。二元组可以因法官的准确决策而获得金钱。在研究一中，在任务互动之前，或者在研究二中，在任务完成之后，由法官或顾问有权在二元组成员之间分配这笔钱。由于法官比顾问更依赖对方，因此预计信任对法官更为重要。结果支持了这一预测。与顾问相比，法官对其合作伙伴的信任评分更高且更具变化性，这表明法官更有动力去评估信任。顾问的高信心对法官的信任评分以及听从其建议的倾向有积极影响。法官对其顾问的信任与他们接受建议并对最终决策有信心显著相关。尽管研究二中的参与者对其合作伙伴的信任程度更高，但他们分给合作伙伴的钱更少。文中讨论了建立信任的相关影响。版权所有2001年学术出版社。
