Osby U, Hammar N, Brandt L, Wicks S, Thinsz Z, Ekbom A, Sparén P
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
Schizophr Res. 2001 Mar 1;47(2-3):247-54. doi: 10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00124-9.
Several studies have reported decreasing time trends in first diagnosed schizophrenia patients. The aim of this study was to analyze time trends for first admissions with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or a diagnosis of either schizophrenia or paranoid psychosis during 1978-1994 in Stockholm County, Sweden, with a population of around 1.8million. Information about first psychiatric admission with the diagnosis schizophrenia or paranoid psychosis for residents of Stockholm County was obtained from the Swedish population-based psychiatric inpatient register. Age-adjusted average yearly changes in first hospitalization rates were estimated in a Poisson regression model. Time trends in first admission rates were calculated from 1978 to 1994, while admissions during 1971 to 1977 were observed only to eliminate later re-admissions. First admissions for schizophrenia declined by 1.9% annually for females and by 1.3% for males, while first admissions for schizophrenia and paranoid psychosis together were unchanged over the study period for both genders. Our results indicate that the incidence of schizophrenia and paranoid psychosis taken together was essentially the same over the studied time period in Stockholm County, and that the apparent decline in first admission rates for schizophrenia may be an effect of changes in clinical diagnosis over time.
多项研究报告了首次诊断为精神分裂症患者的时间趋势呈下降态势。本研究的目的是分析1978年至1994年期间瑞典斯德哥尔摩县（人口约180万）首次因精神分裂症或精神分裂症或偏执性精神病诊断而入院的时间趋势。关于斯德哥尔摩县居民首次因精神分裂症或偏执性精神病诊断而入住精神病院的信息，是从瑞典基于人群的精神病住院登记册中获取的。在泊松回归模型中估计了年龄调整后的首次住院率的平均年变化。计算了1978年至1994年期间首次入院率的时间趋势，而观察1971年至1977年期间的入院情况只是为了排除后期再次入院的情况。女性首次因精神分裂症入院的人数每年下降1.9%，男性下降1.3%，而在研究期间，男女因精神分裂症和偏执性精神病一起首次入院的人数均未变化。我们的结果表明，在斯德哥尔摩县研究期间，精神分裂症和偏执性精神病的总体发病率基本相同，精神分裂症首次入院率的明显下降可能是临床诊断随时间变化的结果。
