Jenike M A
Harvard Medical School, MA, USA.
Bull Menninger Clin. 2001 Winter;65(1):4-25. doi: 10.1521/bumc.65.1.4.18714.
It is now recognized that obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects almost 3% of the world's population and is a major worldwide health problem. Much has been learned in the past 2 decades about the treatment of these disorders. Recent developments in neuroimaging techniques have led to a better understanding of the biology of OCD and the brain circuits that may be involved in the production of symptoms. The most effective treatment approaches, based on controlled data, are behavior therapy consisting of exposure and response prevention and specific medications. Although controversial, more invasive neurosurgical and neurostimulation approaches may hold some promise for severely disabled patients. Despite impressive research efforts, a small minority of patients remain refractory to treatment. Future clinical research should focus on this refractory group.
现在人们认识到，强迫症（OCD）影响着全球近3%的人口，是一个重大的全球性健康问题。在过去20年里，人们对这些疾病的治疗有了很多了解。神经成像技术的最新进展使人们对强迫症的生物学机制以及可能参与症状产生的脑回路有了更好的理解。基于对照数据，最有效的治疗方法是包括暴露与反应预防的行为疗法以及特定药物。尽管存在争议，但更具侵入性的神经外科和神经刺激方法可能对严重残疾患者有一定前景。尽管进行了大量令人瞩目的研究工作，但仍有一小部分患者对治疗无效。未来的临床研究应聚焦于这一难治群体。
