Newton R A
Department of Physical Therapy, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001 Apr;56(4):M248-52. doi: 10.1093/gerona/56.4.m248.
Falls occur not only in the forward direction, but also to the side and backward. The purpose of this study was to develop a portable and valid tool to measure limits of stability in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions.
Two hundred fifty-four community-dwelling older persons were administered the Berg Balance Test (BBT), the Timed Up & Go Test (TUG), and the Multi-Directional Reach Test (MDRT). For the MDRT, subjects performed maximal reaches with the outstretched arm forward (FR), to the right (RR), to the left (LR), and leaning backward (BR), with feet flat on the floor. Reach was measured by the subject's total hand excursion along a yardstick affixed to a telescoping tripod.
Mean scores on the MDRT were FR = 8.89 +/- 3.4 in., BR = 4.64 +/- 3.07 in., RR = 6.15 +/- 2.99 in., and LR = 6.61 +/- 2.88 in. Interclass Correlation (ICC2,1) for the reaches were greater than.92. Reliability analysis (Cronbach's Alpha,.842) demonstrated that directional reaches measure similar but unique aspects of the MDRT. The MDRT demonstrated significant correlation with the BBT sum and significant inverse relationship with the scores on the TUG. Regression analysis revealed that activity level contributed to scores in the forward, right, and left direction and that fear of falling contributed to scores in the backward direction.
The Multi-Directional Reach Test is an inexpensive, reliable, and valid tool for measuring the limits of stability as derived by reach in four directions. Values obtained on relatively healthy community-dwelling older adults serve as norms for screening patient populations.
跌倒不仅会向前发生，也会向侧面和向后发生。本研究的目的是开发一种便携式且有效的工具，用于测量前后方向和内外侧方向的稳定性极限。
对254名社区居住的老年人进行了伯格平衡测试（BBT）、定时起立行走测试（TUG）和多方向伸展测试（MDRT）。对于MDRT，受试者双脚平放在地面上，将伸直的手臂向前（FR）、向右（RR）、向左（LR）和向后倾斜（BR）进行最大伸展。伸展距离通过受试者沿着固定在伸缩三脚架上的码尺的总手部移动距离来测量。
MDRT的平均得分分别为：FR = 8.89 +/- 3.4英寸，BR = 4.64 +/- 3.07英寸，RR = 6.15 +/- 2.99英寸，LR = 6.61 +/- 2.88英寸。各方向伸展的组内相关系数（ICC2,1）大于0.92。可靠性分析（Cronbach's Alpha，0.842）表明，不同方向的伸展测量了MDRT中相似但独特的方面。MDRT与BBT总分显示出显著相关性，与TUG得分呈显著负相关。回归分析显示，活动水平对向前、向右和向左方向的得分有影响，而害怕跌倒对向后方向的得分有影响。
多方向伸展测试是一种廉价、可靠且有效的工具，用于测量四个方向伸展所获得的稳定性极限。在相对健康的社区居住老年人中获得的值可作为筛查患者群体的标准。
