Sliwińska-Kowalska M, Fiszer M, Niebudek-Bogusz E, Kotyło P, Rzadzińska A
Centrum Profilaktyki i Leczenia Zaburzeń Głosu, Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra med. Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi.
Med Pr. 2000;51(6):573-80.
Vocal disorders are very common occupation-related disease in teachers. Their remarkable incidence might be associated with inappropriate techniques of speech and poor vocal hygiene. The aim of this study was to assess the function of vocal organ including voice emission technique in persons starting their teaching occupation. The study group included 66 female students at Teaching College. Their were thoroughly interviewed and subjected to laryngological, phoniatric and videostroboscopic examinations. All subjects reported subjective symptoms after vocal effort. Hoarseness and throat dryness were the most common. In the majority of students functional vocal disorders were observed. In 30% of them insufficiency of glottis and in four (6.1%) students soft vocal nodules were found. Signs and symptoms of vocal diseases were more frequent in a subgroup of students exposed to increased vocal effort during their professional education. The results indicate that young teachers are not sufficiently prepared for increased vocal strain, apparently associated with their profession. It is indeed necessary to introduce preventive programs including special training of appropriate speech technique, into the curricula of schools for teachers.
嗓音障碍是教师中非常常见的职业相关疾病。其显著的发病率可能与不当的发声技巧和不良的嗓音卫生习惯有关。本研究的目的是评估刚开始从事教学职业的人员的发声器官功能，包括发声技巧。研究组包括66名师范学院的女学生。对她们进行了全面的访谈，并进行了喉科、嗓音科和频闪喉镜检查。所有受试者在发声用力后均报告有主观症状。声音嘶哑和喉咙干燥最为常见。大多数学生存在功能性嗓音障碍。其中30%的学生声门闭合不全，4名（6.1%）学生发现有软性声带小结。在接受专业教育期间发声用力增加的学生亚组中，嗓音疾病的体征和症状更为常见。结果表明，年轻教师对与职业相关的嗓音压力增加准备不足。确实有必要将包括适当发声技巧专项培训在内的预防方案纳入教师学校的课程。
