Tavares Elaine L M, Martins Regina H G
Department of Otolaryngology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu City, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Voice. 2007 Jul;21(4):407-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.04.001. Epub 2006 Jun 6.
The aim of this study was to perform voice evaluation in teachers with and without vocal symptoms, identifying etiologic factors of dysphonia, voice symptoms, vocal qualities, and laryngeal lesions. Eighty teachers were divided into two groups: GI (without or sporadic symptoms, 40) and GII (with frequent vocal symptoms, 40). They answered a specific questionnaire, and were subject to a perceptual vocal assessment (maximum phonation time, glottal attack, resonance, coordination of breathing and voicing, pitch, and loudness), GIRBAS scale, and to videolaryngoscopy. Females were predominant in both groups, and the age range was from 36 to 50 years. Elementary teachers predominated, working in classes with 31-40 students. Voice symptoms and alterations in the perceptual vocal analysis and in the GIRBAS scale were more frequent in GII. In 46 teachers (GI-16; GII-30), videolaryngoscopy exams were abnormal with the vocal nodules being the most frequent lesions. These results indicate that a teacher's voice is compromised, and requires more attention including control of environmental factors and associated diseases, preventive vocal hygiene, periodic laryngeal examinations, and access to adequate specialist treatment.
本研究的目的是对有和没有嗓音症状的教师进行嗓音评估，确定发声困难的病因、嗓音症状、嗓音质量和喉部病变。80名教师被分为两组：第一组（无或偶发症状，40人）和第二组（有频繁嗓音症状，40人）。他们回答了一份特定问卷，并接受了嗓音感知评估（最大发声时间、声门起始、共鸣、呼吸与发声的协调、音高和响度）、GIRBAS量表评估以及电子喉镜检查。两组中女性均占多数，年龄范围为36至50岁。小学教师居多，授课班级学生人数为31至40人。第二组中嗓音症状以及嗓音感知分析和GIRBAS量表中的异常更为常见。在46名教师（第一组16人；第二组30人）中，电子喉镜检查结果异常，声带小结是最常见的病变。这些结果表明教师的嗓音受到损害，需要更多关注，包括控制环境因素和相关疾病、预防性嗓音保健、定期喉部检查以及获得适当的专科治疗。
