Cupach W R, Spitzberg B H
Dept of Communication, Illinois State University, Normal 61790-4480, USA.
Violence Vict. 2000 Winter;15(4):357-72.
Two studies investigated the phenomenon of obsessive relational intrusion (ORI), defined as repeated and unwanted pursuit and invasion of one's sense of physical or symbolic privacy by another person, either stranger or acquaintance, who desires and/or presumes an intimate relationship. In Study 1, we sought to identify the incidence of a broad range of relationally intrusive behaviors, to identify the coping responses employed by victims of ORI, and to assess the associations between coping responses and ORI behaviors. Study 2 assessed the perceived degree of severity of ORI behaviors. Results revealed that each of 63 ORI behaviors was experienced by 3-78% of respondents in three different samples. Factor analysis revealed four types of ORI behavior: pursuit, violation, threat, and hyper-intimacy. Responses for coping with ORI consisted of interaction, protection, retaliation, and evasion. Virtually all intrusive behaviors were perceived to be annoying. Some types of ORI behaviors were perceived to be relatively more threatening, upsetting and privacy-invading than others. Although sex differences were not observed for the incidence of ORI or coping, women consistently perceived ORI behaviors to be more annoying, upsetting, threatening, and privacy-invading than did men.
两项研究调查了强迫性关系侵扰（ORI）现象，该现象被定义为陌生人或熟人反复且不必要地追求并侵犯他人的身体或象征意义上的隐私感，此人渴望和/或假定存在亲密关系。在研究1中，我们试图确定广泛的关系侵扰行为的发生率，确定ORI受害者所采用的应对反应，并评估应对反应与ORI行为之间的关联。研究2评估了对ORI行为严重程度的感知。结果显示，在三个不同样本中，63种ORI行为中的每一种都有3%-78%的受访者经历过。因子分析揭示了四种ORI行为类型：追求、侵犯、威胁和过度亲密。应对ORI的反应包括互动、保护、报复和逃避。几乎所有侵扰行为都被认为令人讨厌。某些类型的ORI行为被认为比其他行为更具威胁性、更令人不安且更侵犯隐私。尽管在ORI的发生率或应对方式上未观察到性别差异，但女性始终比男性更认为ORI行为令人讨厌、不安、有威胁性且侵犯隐私。
