Falkenberg T, Nguyen T B, Larsson M, Nguyen T D, Tomson G
Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2000 Sep;31(3):590-7.
Increasing efforts are being made to improve pharmaceutical sector performance in low- and middle-income countries. An essential tool for such work is an objective and standard method of assessment which can be used to promote evidenced based National Drug Policy development and implementation. The average drug expenditure per capita has steadily increased in Vietnam and at the time of this study a National Drug Policy was being developed. This study assessed the Vietnamese pharmaceutical sector 1991-1994, focusing on the standard of the drug quality control system, availability of drugs and rational use of essential drugs in the private and public sectors by means of standardised indicators. The results from this study show that the quality control system is impaired and does not have capacity to quality control all drugs on the market. The availability of essential drugs is good whereas essential drugs are poorly prescribed, injections common and there is a high average number of drugs per prescription, both in the public and private sectors. Violations are common and enforcement of regulations weak. On top of this there is an active commercial advertising and marketing of drugs. These findings identify priorities for action to improve the present situation where the development and implementation of the Vietnamese National Drug Policy will be of major importance.
人们正在加大努力，以改善低收入和中等收入国家的制药行业表现。开展此类工作的一个重要工具是一种客观、标准的评估方法，该方法可用于促进基于证据的国家药物政策的制定和实施。越南的人均药品支出稳步增加，在本研究开展之时，一项国家药物政策正在制定中。本研究评估了1991年至1994年期间越南的制药行业，通过标准化指标重点关注药品质量控制系统的标准、药品的可及性以及公共和私营部门基本药物的合理使用情况。该研究结果表明，质量控制系统存在缺陷，没有能力对市场上的所有药品进行质量控制。基本药物的可及性良好，但基本药物的处方开具不当，注射剂使用普遍，而且公共和私营部门每张处方的平均用药数量都很高。违规行为屡见不鲜，监管执行力度薄弱。除此之外，药品的商业广告和营销活动十分活跃。这些发现确定了改善当前状况的行动重点，而越南国家药物政策的制定和实施将至关重要。
