Sullivan M J, Thorn B, Haythornthwaite J A, Keefe F, Martin M, Bradley L A, Lefebvre J C
Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Clin J Pain. 2001 Mar;17(1):52-64. doi: 10.1097/00002508-200103000-00008.
The tendency to "catastrophize" during painful stimulation contributes to more intense pain experience and increased emotional distress. Catastrophizing has been broadly conceived as an exaggerated negative "mental set" brought to bear during painful experiences. Although findings have been consistent in showing a relation between catastrophizing and pain, research in this area has proceeded in the relative absence of a guiding theoretical framework. This article reviews the literature on the relation between catastrophizing and pain and examines the relative strengths and limitations of different theoretical models that could be advanced to account for the pattern of available findings. The article evaluates the explanatory power of a schema activation model, an appraisal model, an attention model, and a communal coping model of pain perception. It is suggested that catastrophizing might best be viewed from the perspective of hierarchical levels of analysis, where social factors and social goals may play a role in the development and maintenance of catastrophizing, whereas appraisal-related processes may point to the mechanisms that link catastrophizing to pain experience. Directions for future research are suggested.
在疼痛刺激过程中“灾难化”的倾向会导致更强烈的疼痛体验和更多的情绪困扰。灾难化被广泛地认为是在痛苦经历中产生的一种夸张的消极“思维定式”。尽管研究结果一致表明灾难化与疼痛之间存在关联，但该领域的研究在相对缺乏指导性理论框架的情况下进行。本文回顾了关于灾难化与疼痛关系的文献，并考察了不同理论模型的相对优势和局限性，这些模型可用于解释现有研究结果的模式。本文评估了疼痛感知的图式激活模型、评价模型、注意模型和共同应对模型的解释力。有人认为，最好从层次分析水平的角度来看待灾难化，其中社会因素和社会目标可能在灾难化的发展和维持中起作用，而与评价相关的过程可能指向将灾难化与疼痛体验联系起来的机制。文中还提出了未来研究的方向。
