Isaäcson M, Frean J, He J, Seriwatana J, Innis B L
Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, South African Institute for Medical Research, Johannesburg.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000 May;62(5):619-25. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2000.62.619.
In 1983 in Namibia's Kavango region, epidemic jaundice affected hundreds of people living in settlements lacking potable water and waste disposal facilities. Many were Angolan refugees. The disease, which after investigation was designated non-A non-B hepatitis, was most common in males (72%), in persons aged 15-39 years, and was usually mild except in pregnant women, who incurred 6 (86%) of the 7 fatal infections. Fifteen years later, archived outbreak-associated samples were analyzed. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in feces from 9 of 16 patients tested. Total Ig and IgM to HEV were quantitated in serum from 24 residents of an affected settlement at the outbreak's end: 42% had IgM diagnostic of recent infection and 25% had elevated total Ig without IgM, consistent with past HEV infection. The Namibia outbreak was typical hepatitis E clinically and epidemiologically. This first report of hepatitis E confirmed by virus detection from southern Africa extends the known range of HEV and highlights its risk for refugees.
1983年，在纳米比亚的卡万戈地区，流行性黄疸病影响了数百名居住在缺乏饮用水和废物处理设施的定居点的居民。其中许多是安哥拉难民。经调查，该疾病被认定为非甲非乙型肝炎，在男性中最为常见（72%），发病年龄多在15至39岁之间，通常症状较轻，但孕妇除外，7例致命感染中有6例（86%）发生在孕妇身上。15年后，对与疫情相关的存档样本进行了分析。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应在16名接受检测的患者中的9人的粪便中检测到了戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）。在疫情结束时，对一个受影响定居点的24名居民的血清中HEV的总Ig和IgM进行了定量分析：42%的人IgM诊断为近期感染，25%的人总Ig升高但无IgM，这与过去的HEV感染一致。纳米比亚的疫情在临床和流行病学上是典型的戊型肝炎。这是来自南部非洲的通过病毒检测确诊的戊型肝炎的首次报告，扩展了已知的HEV范围，并突出了其对难民的风险。
