Kollef M H
Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Crit Care Med. 2001 Apr;29(4 Suppl):N135-42. doi: 10.1097/00003246-200104001-00014.
Antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens has emerged as one of the most important issues facing critical care practitioners. Resistance of many commonly encountered bacterial species is increasing and has been associated with greater administration of inadequate antimicrobial therapy to patients within intensive care units. This has resulted in greater patient morbidity, higher mortality rates, and increased healthcare costs. Methods to reduce antimicrobial resistance have focused on increasing adherence to infection control practices and improving antibiotic utilization. Antibiotic cycling is a strategy to reduce antimicrobial resistance by withdrawing an antibiotic or antibiotic class from use and subsequently reintroducing it at a later point in time. The main goal of cycling is to allow resistance rates for specific antibiotics to decrease, or at least remain stable, when their use is periodically eliminated from the intensive care unit.
细菌病原体的抗生素耐药性已成为重症监护从业者面临的最重要问题之一。许多常见细菌种类的耐药性正在增加，并且与重症监护病房内患者接受不足的抗菌治疗的情况增多有关。这导致了更高的患者发病率、更高的死亡率以及医疗成本的增加。减少抗菌药物耐药性的方法主要集中在提高对感染控制措施的依从性以及改善抗生素的使用。抗生素轮换是一种通过停用一种抗生素或一类抗生素，随后在稍后的时间重新引入来降低抗菌药物耐药性的策略。轮换的主要目标是当特定抗生素在重症监护病房的使用被定期消除时，使它们的耐药率降低，或至少保持稳定。
