Soussi-Gounni A, Kontolemos M, Hamid Q
Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, 3626 St Urbain St., Montreal, Quebec, Canada HX2 2P2.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Apr;107(4):575-82. doi: 10.1067/mai.2001.114238.
Considerable evidence from both human and animal studies indicates that CD4(+) cells are the predominant cell type involved in the regulation of airway inflammation through the expression of T(H)2-type cytokines. The effects of T(H)2-type cytokines, particularly IL-4 and IL-5, on inflammatory and structural cells in airways have been studied in great detail. They were shown to be important for inflammatory cell maturation, activation and proliferation, IgE production, chemokine expression, mucus secretion, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Recent work has shown the potential importance of another T(H)2-type cytokine, IL-9. The development of transgenic mice overexpressing IL-9 has suggested a key role for this cytokine in the development of the asthmatic phenotype, including eosinophilic inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, elevated IgE levels, and increased mucus secretion. IL-9 has been shown to act on many cell types involved in asthma, including T cells, B cells, mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and epithelial cells, and thus might be important in the pathophysiology of allergic asthma.
来自人体和动物研究的大量证据表明，CD4(+)细胞是通过表达辅助性T细胞2（TH2）型细胞因子参与气道炎症调节的主要细胞类型。TH2型细胞因子，特别是白细胞介素-4（IL-4）和白细胞介素-5（IL-5），对气道中炎症细胞和结构细胞的作用已得到详细研究。它们对炎症细胞的成熟、激活和增殖、免疫球蛋白E（IgE）的产生、趋化因子的表达、黏液分泌以及支气管高反应性都很重要。最近的研究表明，另一种TH2型细胞因子白细胞介素-9（IL-9）具有潜在的重要性。过表达IL-9的转基因小鼠的培育表明，这种细胞因子在哮喘表型的发展中起关键作用，包括嗜酸性粒细胞炎症、支气管高反应性、IgE水平升高和黏液分泌增加。IL-9已被证明可作用于许多参与哮喘的细胞类型，包括T细胞、B细胞、肥大细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞和上皮细胞，因此可能在过敏性哮喘的病理生理学中起重要作用。
