Larsson L I
Department of Ophthalmology, Uppsala University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2001 Apr;119(4):492-5. doi: 10.1001/archopht.119.4.492.
To compare the effect on aqueous humor flow and intraocular pressure (IOP) of topically applied 0.2% brimonidine tartrate with topically administered 0.5% timolol maleate, alone and in combination.
A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study of 20 human subjects was carried out. The topical drugs were instilled twice daily the day before and again on the morning of the day of the measurements. Aqueous humor flow was measured by clearance of topically applied fluorescein with a fluorophotometer, and IOP was measured with an applanation tonometer.
Brimonidine reduced the aqueous humor flow by 33.1%; timolol, by 49.9%; and the combination of brimonidine and timolol, by 58.9%. Brimonidine reduced the IOP by 20.3%; timolol, by 22.9%; and the combination of brimonidine and timolol, by 34.7%.
Brimonidine suppressed aqueous humor flow, but not as effectively as timolol. However, the effects on the IOP of both drugs separately were comparable. The short-term effect of brimonidine was partly additive to timolol, and the combination treatment caused a further reduction in aqueous humor flow and IOP. The IOP reduction by timolol could be explained solely by aqueous humor flow reduction. Much of the IOP reduction caused by brimonidine, but not all, could be explained by suppression of the aqueous humor flow, suggesting an additional mechanism for the ocular hypotensive effect of brimonidine.
比较局部应用0.2%酒石酸溴莫尼定与局部应用0.5%马来酸噻吗洛尔单独及联合使用对房水流出和眼压（IOP）的影响。
对20名人类受试者进行了一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究。在测量前一天每天两次滴注局部用药，测量当天上午再次滴注。用荧光光度计通过局部应用荧光素的清除率测量房水流出，用压平眼压计测量眼压。
溴莫尼定使房水流出减少33.1%；噻吗洛尔使房水流出减少49.9%；溴莫尼定与噻吗洛尔联合使用使房水流出减少58.9%。溴莫尼定使眼压降低20.3%；噻吗洛尔使眼压降低22.9%；溴莫尼定与噻吗洛尔联合使用使眼压降低34.7%。
溴莫尼定抑制房水流出，但效果不如噻吗洛尔。然而，两种药物单独对眼压的影响相当。溴莫尼定的短期作用与噻吗洛尔部分相加，联合治疗使房水流出和眼压进一步降低。噻吗洛尔降低眼压可仅通过房水流出减少来解释。溴莫尼定引起的眼压降低大部分（但不是全部）可通过抑制房水流出解释，提示溴莫尼定降眼压作用存在额外机制。
